<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/IT.2025.23.4.83.6</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-1008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сотрудничество БРИКС и АСЕАН в сфере атомной энергетики: возможности и вызовы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>BRICS and ASEAN Nuclear Energy Cooperation: Opportunities and Challenges</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калугина</surname><given-names>Полина</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalugina</surname><given-names>Polina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Павловна Калугина – помощник декана Факультета международных отношений</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ms Polina Kalugina – Assistant to the Dean, School of International Relations</p><p>Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalugina_P_P@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куклин</surname><given-names>Никита</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuklin</surname><given-names>Nikita</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Сергеевич Куклин – кандидат исторических наук, эксперт Центра АСЕАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Nikita Kuklin – PhD in History, Expert, ASEAN Centre</p><p>Moscow, 119454</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федичева</surname><given-names>Софья</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedicheva</surname><given-names>Sofia</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Софья Сергеевна Федичева – младший научный сотрудник Лаборатории регионоведения имени Заслуженного деятеля науки профессораА.А. Ахтамзяна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ms Sofia Fedicheva – Junior Research Fellow, A.A. Akhtamzyan Laboratory of Area Studies</p><p>Moscow, 119454</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калугина П., Куклин Н., Федичева С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калугина П., Куклин Н., Федичева С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalugina P., Kuklin N., Fedicheva S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/1008">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/1008</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу возможностей и вызовов сотрудничества между БРИКС и АСЕАН в сфере атомной энергетики в контексте формирования новой архитектуры международных энергетических отношений. Актуальность исследования обусловлена, с одной стороны, повышением значимости атомной энергии в контексте тренда на декарбонизацию мировой энергетики и интенсивной дискуссии о перспективах достижения углеродной нейтральности экономик. С другой стороны, «атомный ренессанс» XXI века сопровождается усилением доли развивающихся стран в мировом энергопотреблении, а существенную долю в генерации мировой атомной электроэнергии занимают страны БРИКС. Авторы апробируют гипотезу о том, что по мере институционализации сотрудничества БРИКС и АСЕАН в сфере атомной энергетики его характер трансформируется от разрозненных двусторонних контактов к формированию устойчивых сетевых структур; данная сеть приобретает преимущественно централизованный характер, в рамках которого ключевые экспортёры атомных технологий формируют кластеры сотрудничества с государствами-партнёрами, тогда как горизонтальные связи между последними остаются ограниченными. Научная новизна работы состоит в комплексном анализе политико-экономических и институциональных аспектов взаимодействия двух крупнейших группировок Глобального Юга, рассматриваемом через призму международной политической экономии. В статье анализируются предпосылки развития атомной энергетики в государствах АСЕАН, институциональные механизмы и форматы взаимодействия между БРИКС и АСЕАН. Сетевой анализ позволил выявить низкую плотность сети, в которой центральными акторами выступают Россия, Китай и Индия. Исследование показывает, что сотрудничество БРИКС и АСЕАН в атомной сфере развивается по модели асимметричной институционализации: специализированные механизмы взаимодействия формируются, однако горизонтальные связи между государствами-реципиентами остаются ограниченными.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the opportunities and challenges of cooperation between BRICS and ASEAN in the field of nuclear energy within the context of an emerging new architecture of international energy relations. The relevance of this research stems, on the one hand, from the growing importance of nuclear energy amid the global trend toward decarbonization and the ongoing debate on achieving carbon neutrality in national economies. On the other hand, the 21st-century “nuclear renaissance” is marked by an increasing share of developing countries in global energy consumption, with BRICS nations accounting for a significant portion of global nuclear electricity generation. The authors test the hypothesis that, as cooperation between BRICS and ASEAN in the field of nuclear energy becomes institutionalised, its character transforms from fragmented bilateral contacts into the formation of stable network structures. This network acquires a predominantly centralized character, within which the key exporters of nuclear technologies form clusters of cooperation with partner states, while horizontal linkages among the latter remain limited. The scientific novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive analysis of the political, economic, and institutional dimensions of cooperation between the two major groupings of the Global South, examined through the lens of international political economy. The article explores the prerequisites for the development of nuclear energy in ASEAN countries, institutional mechanisms, and formats of BRICS–ASEAN cooperation, followed by a network analysis of bilateral agreements. The study concludes with key findings and practical recommendations. The network analysis reveals a low-density interaction structure, where Russia, China, and India emerge as central actors. The authors conclude that transitioning from fragmented bilateral links to a stable regional architecture requires the development of unified regulatory standards, educational programs, financing mechanisms, and nuclear safety centers. These measures could enhance the structural connectivity of the cooperation network, strengthen energy security, and, in the long term, transform nuclear energy collaboration into one of the key drivers of deeper dialogue between BRICS and ASEAN member states.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>БРИКС</kwd><kwd>АСЕАН</kwd><kwd>атомная энергетика</kwd><kwd>энергетическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>Новый банк развития</kwd><kwd>Платформа по атомной энергии БРИКС</kwd><kwd>малые модульные реакторы</kwd><kwd>институционализация</kwd><kwd>международная политэкономия</kwd><kwd>сетевой анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>BRICS</kwd><kwd>ASEAN</kwd><kwd>nuclear energy</kwd><kwd>energy security</kwd><kwd>New Development Bank</kwd><kwd>BRICS Nuclear Energy Platform</kwd><kwd>small modular reactors</kwd><kwd>institutionalization</kwd><kwd>international political economy</kwd><kwd>network analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боровский Ю.В. Международное измерение энергетической безопасности: Россия и Мир (1991- 2021 гг.). М.: Аспект-Пресс, 2022. 323 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borovsky Yu.V. (2017). Mezhdunarodnoe sotrudnichestvo v energetike: na primere vostochnoevropejskogo rynka atomnoj energii [International Rivalry in the Energy Sector: The Eastern European Market of Atomic Energy in Focus]. MGIMO Review of International Relations. Vol. 56. No. 5. P. 114–129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2017-5-56-114-129</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боровский Ю.В. Международное сотрудничество в энергетике: на примере восточноевропейского рынка атомной энергии // Вестник МГИМО-Университета. 2017. Т. 56. № 5(56). С. 114–129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2017-5-56-114-129</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borovsky Yu.V. (2022). Mezhdunarodnoe izmerenie energeticheskoj bezopasnosti: Rossiya I Mir (1991– 2021 gg.) [The International Dimension of Energy Security: Russia and the World (1991–2021)]. Moscow: Aspekt-Press. 323 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бунина А.А. Соперничество и сотрудничество России и США в атомной энергетике // США и Канада: экономика, политика, культура. 2021. № 9. С. 70–88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S268667300016434-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brutschin E., Cherp A., Jewell J. (2021). Failing the Formative Phase: The Global Diffusion of Nuclear Power Is Limited by National Markets. Energy Research &amp; Social Science. Vol. 80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102221</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Далдеган У., де Борба В. Концепция развития БРИКС: анализ проектов, финансируемых НБР // Вестник международных организаций. 2023. Т. 18. № 4. C. 7–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2023-04-01</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brutschin E., Jewell J. (2018). International Political Economy of Nuclear Energy. In: Goldthau, M.F. Keating, C. Kuzemko (eds.) Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy and Natural Resources. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. P. 322–341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781783475636</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дьяков А.С. Малые модульные ядерные реакторы: перспективы развития // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. 2023. Т. 67. № 6(67). С. 47-–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-6-47-60</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bunina A.A. (2021). Sopernichestvo i sotrudnichestvo Rossii I SSHA v atomnoj energetike [Rivalry and Cooperation Between Russia and the United States in Nuclear Energy]. // USA &amp; Canada: Economics, Politics, Culture. 2021. № 9. СP. 70–88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S268667300016434-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ергин Д. В поисках энергии. Ресурсные войны, новые технологии и будущее энергетики. М.: Альпина Паблишер, 2013. 712 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Yakov A.S. (2023). Malyye modul′nyye yadernyye reaktory: perspektivy razvitiya [Small Modular Nuclear Reactors: Development Prospects]. World Economy and International Relations. Vol. 67. No. 6. P. 47–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-6-47-60</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рамеев О.Б. Место атомной энергетики в контексте энергоперехода в Японии // Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право. 2024. Т. 17. № 3(17). С. 46-–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31249/kgt/2024.03.03</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daldegan W., de Borba V. (2023). The Development Concept in BRICS: An Analysis of Projects Financed by the NBR. International Organisations Research Journal. Vol. 18. № 4. P. 7–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2023-04-01</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федичева С.С. «Токсичные отношения»: асимметрия взаимозависимости России и государств Запада в сфере атомной энергетики // Общество: политика, экономика, право. Т. 133. № 8(133). С. 93–98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2024.8.12</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedicheva S.S. (2024). “Toksichnye otnosheniya”: asimmetriya vzaimozavisimosti Rossii i gosudarstv Zapada v sfere atomnoj energetiki [“Toxic Relations”: Asymmetric Interdependence of Russia and Western Countries in the Nuclear Energy Sector]. Society: Politics: Economics, Law. Vol. 133. No. 8. P. 93–-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2024.8.12</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яковлев П.П. Аргентина и Бразилия: от военных ядерных программ к национальной атомной энергетике // Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право. 2018. Т. 11. № 6(11). С. 109–-127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-6-109-127</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedman E.A. (2025). Nuclear Energy: Boom, Bust, and Emerging Renaissance. New York: Oxford University Press. 232 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brutschin E., Cherp A., Jewell J. Failing the Formative Phase: The Global Diffusion of Nuclear Power Is Limited by National Markets // Energy Research &amp; Social Science. 2021. Vol. 80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102221</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gartzke E., Jo D.-J. (2009). Bargaining, Nuclear Proliferation, and Interstate Disputes. Journal of Conflict Resolution. Vol. 53. No. 2. P.209–233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002708330289</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brutschin E., Jewell J. International Political Economy of Nuclear Energy // Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy and Natural Resources / ed. by A. Goldthau, M.F. Keating, C. Kuzemko. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018. P. 322-–341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781783475636</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hafner-Burton E.M., Kahler M., Montgomery A.H. (2009). Network Analysis for International Relations. International Organization. Vol. 63. No. 3. P. 559–592. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818309090195</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedman E.A. Nuclear Energy: Boom, Bust, and Emerging Renaissance. New York: Oxford University Press, 2025. 232 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jewell J. (2011). Ready for Nuclear Energy?: An Assessment of Capacities and Motivations for Launching New National Nuclear Power Programs. Energy Policy. Vol. 39. P. 1041–1055. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.10.041</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gartzke E., Jo D.-J. Bargaining, Nuclear Proliferation, and Interstate Disputes. Journal of Conflict Resolution. 2009. Vol. 53. No. 2№ 2(53). P. 209–233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002708330289</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jewell J., Vetier M., Garcia-Cabrera D. (2011). The International Technological Nuclear Cooperation Landscape: A New Dataset and Network Analysis. Energy Policy. Vol. 128. P. 838–852. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.12.024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hafner-Burton E.M., Kahler M., Montgomery A.H. Network Analysis for International Relations // International Organization. 2009. Vol. 63. No. 3. P. 559–592. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818309090195</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim P., Kim J., Yim M.-S. (2022). Assessing Proliferation Uncertainty in Civilian Nuclear Cooperation under Power Dynamics of the International Nuclear Trade. Energy Policy. Vol. 163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112852</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jewell J. Ready for Nuclear Energy?: An Assessment of Capacities and Motivations for Launching New National Nuclear Power Programs // Energy Policy. 2011. Vol. 39. P. 1041-–1055. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.10.041</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kroening M. (2009). Exporting the Bomb: Why States Provide Sensitive Nuclear Assistance. American Political Science Review. Vol. 103. No. 1. P. 113–133. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1017/ S0003055409090017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jewell J., Vetier M., Garcia-Cabrera D. The International Technological Nuclear Cooperation Landscape: A New Dataset and Network Analysis // Energy Policy. 2011. Vol. 128. P. 838–852. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.12.024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lantis J.S. (2014). Economic Competition and Nuclear Cooperation. The “Nuclear Renaissance” Revised. Nonproliferation Review. Vol. 21. No 1. P. 21–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10736700.2014.880277</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim P., Kim J., Yim M.-S. Assessing Proliferation Uncertainty in Civilian Nuclear Cooperation under Power Dynamics of the International Nuclear Trade // Energy Policy. 2022. Vol. 163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112852</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Overland, I., Sagbakken, H. F., Chan, H.-Y., Merdekawati, M., Suryadi, B., Utama, N. A., &amp; Vakulchuk, R. (2021). The ASEAN climate and energy paradox. Energy and Climate Change. No., 2, 100019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egycc.2020.100019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kroening M. Exporting the Bomb: Why States Provide Sensitive Nuclear Assistance // American Political Science Review. 2009. Vol. 103. № No. 1(103). P. 113-–133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055409090017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rameev O.B. (2024). Mesto atomnoj energetiki v kontekste energoperekhoda v Yaponii [The Role of Nuclear Power in Japan’s Energy Transition]. Outlines of Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, Law. Vol. 17. No. 3. P. 46–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31249/kgt/2024.03.03</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lantis J.S. Economic Competition and Nuclear Cooperation. The “Nuclear Renaissance” Revised // Nonproliferation Review. 2014. Vol 20. № No. 1(20). P. 21-–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10736700.2014.880277</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roth M.B., Jaramillo P. (2017). Going Nuclear for Climate Mitigation: An Analysis of the Cost Effectiveness of Preserving Existing U.S. Nuclear Power Plants as a Carbon Avoidance Strategy. Energy. Vol. 131. P. 67–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roth M.B., Jaramillo P. Going Nuclear for Climate Mitigation: An Analysis of the Cost Effectiveness of Preserving Existing U.S. Nuclear Power Plants as a Carbon Avoidance Strategy // Energy. 2017. Vol. 131. P. 67-–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thurner P.W., Mittermeier L., Küchenhoff H. (2014). How Long Does It Take to Build a Nuclear Power Plant? A Non-Parametric Event History Approach with P-Lines. Energy Policy. Vol. 70. P. 163–171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.03.015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thurner P.W., Mittermeier L., Küchenhoff H. How Long Does It Take to Build a Nuclear Power Plant? A Non-Parametric Event History Approach with P-Lines // Energy Policy. 2014. Vol. 70. P. 163-–171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.03.015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verbruggen A., Laes E. (2015). Sustainability Assessment of Nuclear Power: Discourse Analysis of IAEA and IPCC Frameworks. Environmental Science and Policy. Vol. 51. P. 170–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.04.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verbruggen A., Laes E. Sustainability Assessment of Nuclear Power: Discourse Analysis of IAEA and IPCC Frameworks // Environmental Science and Policy. 2015. Vol. 51. P. 170-–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.04.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wasserman S., Faust K. (1994). Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 825 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wasserman S., Faust K. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. 825 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakovlev P.P. (2018). Argentina i Braziliya: ot voennyh yadernyh programm k nacional'noj atomnoj energetike [Argentina and Brazil: from Military Nuclear Programs to National Atomic Energy]. Outlines of Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, Law. № 6(11). P. 109–127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-6-109-127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zha L., Cao D., Mahamoudou F. International Cooperative Network for Nuclear Power Plant Projects: A Multidimensional Proximity Perspective // Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. 2014. Vol. 62. No. 9. P. 795–807. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2025.2482066</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yergin D. (2013) V poiskah energii. Resursnye vojny, novye tekhnologii i budushchee energetiki [The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern World]. Moscow: Alpina Pablisher. 712 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zha L., Cao D., Mahamoudou F. (2014). International Cooperative Network for Nuclear Power Plant Projects: A Multidimensional Proximity Perspective. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. Vol. 62. No. 9. P. 795–807. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2025.2482066</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zha L., Cao D., Mahamoudou F. (2014). International Cooperative Network for Nuclear Power Plant Projects: A Multidimensional Proximity Perspective. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. Vol. 62. No. 9. P. 795–807. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2025.2482066</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
