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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2020.18.2.61.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-183</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Международное договорное нормотворчество как политический процесс. Историко-теоретический обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Treaty Rulemaking as a Political Process</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малиновский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malinovsky</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малиновский Алексей Александрович - доктор юридических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой теории права и сравнительного правоведения Международно-правового факультета </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey А. Malinovsky - Prof., Chair, Department of Theory of Law and ComparativeJurisprudence</p><p>Moscow 119454</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трикоз</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trikoz</surname><given-names>Е. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трикоз Елена Николаевна - кандидат юридических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры теории права и сравнительного правоведения Международно-правового факультета МГИМО МИД России; доцент Юридического института Российского университета дружбы народов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena N. Trikoz- Dr., Associate Professor, Department of Theory of Lawand Comparative Jurisprudence, MGIMO University;Associate Professor, Law Institute, Peoples’ FriendshipUniversity of Russia</p><p>Moscow 119454, Moscow 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alena_trikoz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России;&#13;
Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University;&#13;
People’s Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малиновский А.А., Трикоз Е.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малиновский А.А., Трикоз Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malinovsky A.A., Trikoz Е.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/183">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/183</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье детально рассмотрены исторические нюансы и теоретические подходы к становлению и развитию правотворческого процесса по вопросам межгосударственных отношений. Начиная с периода зарождения договорного нормотворчества на Древнем Востоке как политически мотивированного процесса, прослеживается развитие договорно-правовой техники в эпоху Средневековья, структуры текста международного договора и методики составления оговорок к нему. Проанализированы новеллы юридической техники (появление приложений к договорам, работа конференций, процессуальные правила оформления) и доктринальная обработка международного процесса в период Нового времени. Отмечается институциональный вклад Лиги Наций и КМП ООН в нормотворческую технику и выведение международной кодистики на новый доктринально-универсальный уровень. Авторы статьи формулируют ряд особенностей кодификационной техники договорных актов. Анализируется базовый консенсусный подход к юридическому процессу создания норм международного права, предполагающий традиционный путь нормотворчества непосредственно субъектами международного права на основе метода согласования воль и позиций государств. Авторы также затрагивают кооперационный путь выработки нормативных положений в современном международном нормотворчестве, опосредуемый в виде создания норм, изначально лишённых обязательной силы, в процессе и как результат деятельности международных организаций и конференций. Во второй части статьи авторы переосмысливают наиболее значимые западные международно-правовые теории и концепции (постмодернизм в праве, экономический анализ международного права, коммуникативная теория толкования международных договоров и др.). Проанализированы позиции американских международников-реалистов и влияние реалистической школы права на изменение целеполагания в международном нормотворчестве. Большинство современных концепций расценивают сущность и формы или, по крайней мере, квазиполитический процесс. Авторы приходят к выводу, что распространённый в нормотворчестве «диалогический подход» поможет международному законодателю уже на этапе разработки международного соглашения избежать уклона в сторону т.н. политически «сильной стороны в договоре». международного нормотворчества как политический </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines in detail the historical and theoretical approaches to the formation and development of the interstate law-making process. Starting from the period of the emergence of treaty rule-making in the Ancient East as a politically motivated process, the development of legal technology in the Middle Ages, the structure of the text of an international treaty and the method of drafting reservations is traced. The article analyzes the novelties of treaty technology (annexes, activity of conferences, procedural rules for registration) and the doctrinal processing of the international process in the New Time. The institutional contribution of the League of Nations and the UN ILC to the norm-setting technique and the bringing of international codistics to a new doctrinal-universal level are noted. The authors of the article formulate a number of features of the codification technique of treaty acts. The article analyzes the basic consensus approach to the legal process of creating norms of international law, which presupposes the traditional way of rule-making directly by the subjects of international law on the basis of the method of harmonizing the wills and positions of states. The authors also touch upon the cooperative way of developing regulations in modern international rule-making, mediated in the form of the creation of norms, initially devoid of binding force, in the process and as a result of the activities of international organizations and conferences. In the second part of the article, the authors rethink the most significant Western international legal theories and concepts (postmodernism in law, economic analysis of international law, communicative theory of interpretation of international treaties, etc.). The positions of American realist internationalists and the influence of the realistic school of law on the change in goal-setting in international rule-making are analyzed. Most modern concepts regard the essence and forms of international rule-making as a political, or at least a quasi-political process. The authors come to the conclusion that the “dialogical approach” widespread in rule-making will help the international legislator, already at the stage of developing an international agreement, to avoid a bias towards the politically “strong point in the treaty”.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>межгосударственные отношения</kwd><kwd>договорное нормотворчество</kwd><kwd>кодификация международного права</kwd><kwd>переговорный процесс</kwd><kwd>суверенитет</kwd><kwd>постмодерн</kwd><kwd>институционализм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>interstate relations</kwd><kwd>international treaty</kwd><kwd>law-making and international rulemaking</kwd><kwd>interstate negotiations</kwd><kwd>sovereignty</kwd><kwd>national interest analysis</kwd><kwd>international law codification</kwd><kwd>postmodern</kwd><kwd>institutionalism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александренко В. 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