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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2020.18.1.60.3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анти-мягкая сила в политической теории и практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anti-Soft Power in Political Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фененко</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fenenko</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фененко Алексей.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey Fenenko.</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">afenenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фененко А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фененко А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fenenko A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/191">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/191</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая статья посвящена феномену «анти-мягкой силы». В современном политологическом дискурсе понятие «мягкая сила» (soft power) занимает одно из центральных мест.  При этом до настоящего времени малоизученной остаётся  возможность противодействия государств чужой мягкой силе. Изучение этого явления в рамках либеральной парадигмы не представлялось возможным ввиду навязываемого ею тезиса о безальтернативности либеральной идеологии. В настоящей статье автор пытается выйти за рамки устоявшихся догм и ответить на вопрос: существует ли анти-мягкая сила как идеология и тип практической политики, которые используют набор средств, призванных защитить государство от воздействия чужой мягкой силы? Теория мягкой силы построена на том, что объект её применения будет готов признать свое вторичное, то есть подчинённое,  положение.   По  этой  причине  использование мягкой  силы  возможно  только в отношении субъекта, который не обладает большими политическими амбициями, готов взаимодействовать в рамках существующего мирового порядка и, главное, согласиться с превосходством другого игрока и выдвигаемых им норм. Анти-мягкая сила построена на иной основе. Она предполагает, что субъект изначально не  готов признать ни превосходство оппонента, ни его правила игры. Он обладает  серьёзными политическими амбициями,  не признаёт власти над собой каких-либо норм и не готов согласиться на подчинённое положение. Вне зависимости от своей силы или слабости он не будет готов стать «младшим» или «вторым» в сообществе. В период  глобализации таких субъектов было не много. Тем не менее обозначившийся в  последние пятнадцать лет кризис глобализации может снова сделать их заметной силой в межгосударственных отношениях. Автор утверждает, что анти-мягкая сила неоднократно блокировала влияние одной страны на другую. В её истории можно выделить три основных типа политики: 1) на основе шовинизма; 2) на основе альтернативного идеологического проекта; 3) на основе частичных (сегментарных) ограничений мягкой силы противника. Каждый из них может принести своим основателям как дивиденды, так и политические издержки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the study of the anti-soft power. The concept of soft power took over the modern political discourse. The opportunities to counteract such power have not been considered properly so far. The proponents of liberal paradigm, trapped in ideology of its exclusiveness, failed to study this issue. Thus, the present article aims at answering the question whether there exists an anti-soft power, both as ideology and practice, which could be efficient enough for the state to protect itself from the impact of external informational and cultural influence. The theory of soft power is based on the idea that its object accepts normative subordination. Consequently, such object should not pursue major political ambitions, should be ready to collaborate within the established world order and, above all, agree with superiority of the world leaders and the rules they impose. Anti-soft power is different. The core idea is that its holder is not willing to comply with the opponent’s superiority as well as its rules of the game. The subject of anti-soft power is politically ambitious and never recognizes its dependence or inferiority. Regardless of being strong or weak, it will not admit its junior or secondary position in a community. We saw a few such subjects during the era of globalization. However, the globalization crisis may change the situation and thus give rise to a new political trend, that is the resurgence of anti-soft power. The article states that anti-soft power has repeatedly blocked the attempts of one country to influence another country. In the course of history, we can single out three main types of policy: 1) the policy based on supremacism, or chauvinism; 2) the policy based on ideological alternatives; 3) the policy based on segment restrictions of the opponent’s soft power. Each of these, though, can bring its subjects both political benefits and unwanted costs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мягкая сила</kwd><kwd>анти-мягкая сила</kwd><kwd>культурная политика</kwd><kwd>идеология</kwd><kwd>пропаганда</kwd><kwd>контрпропаганда</kwd><kwd>либерализм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soft power</kwd><kwd>anti-soft power</kwd><kwd>cultural policy</kwd><kwd>ideology</kwd><kwd>propaganda</kwd><kwd>counter-propaganda</kwd><kwd>liberalism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акопян Л. Музыка XX века: энциклопедический словарь // Науч. ред. Е. Двоскина. М.: Практика, 2010. 855 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">(2018). Kodeks Busido. Khagakure. Sokrytoe v listve [Bushido Code. Hagakure. Hidden by the Leaves]. 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