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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2020.18.1.60.7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-208</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лидерство в многополярном мире: политика Китая в Центральной Азии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Leadership in the Multipolar World: China’s Strategy in  Central Asia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соболева</surname><given-names>Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soboleva</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соболева Елена.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Soboleva.</p><p>Saint-Petersburg, 190068</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edsoboleva@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривохиж</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivohizh</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кривохиж Светлана.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Krivohizh.</p><p>Saint-Petersburg, 190068</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skrivokhizh@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный  исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National  Research University  Higher  School  of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соболева Е., Кривохиж С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соболева Е., Кривохиж С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soboleva E., Krivohizh S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/208">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/208</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях многополярности возрастает роль региональных держав, которые стремятся занять лидерские позиции и оказывать влияние на формирование регионального порядка. Нередко за роль лидера в регионе соревнуются сразу несколько стран, однако возможны и другие варианты, например асимметричное лидерство. Асимметричное лидерство подразумевает, что региональная держава не пытается стать единственным лидером во всех сферах, а степень и характер её вовлечённости в решение разных проблем региона различны. В данной работе на примере политики КНР в Центральной Азии авторы пробуют осмыслить феномен асимметричного лидерства. В теоретической части работы обозначены основные положения теории лидерства в международных отношениях, которые использованы для оценки политики Китая в Центральной Азии. В эмпирической части рассмотрены институты, региональный фокус, цели, материальные и идеологические ресурсы китайских инициатив, а также анализируются мотивы, которыми руководствовался Китай при выборе своей региональной стратегии. Авторы заключают, что в Центральноазиатском регионе КНР демонстрирует лидерские амбиции в нескольких областях (безопасность, экономика, финансы, экология), однако способы реализации этих амбиций существенно различаются. Например, создание специальных институтов Пекин инициировал только для сотрудничества по вопросам нетрадиционных угроз безопасности и финансового управления. Это говорит об избирательном и прагматичном подходе Пекина к лидерству в регионе: очевидно, что главная задача КНР – не получение символического статуса лидера, а достижение конкретных целей внешней политики.  Пример  Центральной Азии, которая  традиционно относилась к  сфере  влияния России, позволяет изучить варианты реакции одного крупного игрока на лидерские проекты другого. В китайских проектах в Центральной Азии Россия играет разные роли: со-лидера в борьбе с терроризмом, последователя в сфере финансового управления, конкурента в сфере экономического сотрудничества и наблюдателя в программах по защите окружающей среды. Роль России определяется её ресурсами в каждой сфере и наличием собственных лидерских амбиций, а также желанием КНР поддерживать дружественные отношения с Москвой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the multipolar world regional powers play an increasingly important role, as they strive to become leaders and shape the regional order. It is a common situation, when in one region several powers compete to become a sole leader, however, other types of interaction also exist for example, asymmetric leadership. Asymmetric leadership denotes a situation when one power does not strive to become a sole leader in one region in all spheres, but the scope and type of its involvement in addressing common problems in the region varies. This paper explores the phenomenon of asymmetric leadership using the PRC policy in Central Asia as an empirical case. The  theoretical  part of the paper outlines the major points of the leadership theory in international relations, which are later used to evaluate China’s policy in Central Asia. In the empirical part we explore institutions, regional focus, goals and resources of the Chinese initiatives, as well as analyze factors that influence regional strategy of a rising power. In Central Asia the PRC has expressed leadership ambitions in several issue areas, such as non-traditional security, economic cooperation and development assistance, financial governance, and environmental cooperation. However, its strategy has varied from sphere to sphere in terms  of institutionalization, overall regional focus, involvement of other regional power, etc. For  example, in the sphere of non-traditional security and financial governance, the PRC has initiated the establishment of special institutions, which are absent in other spheres. The case of Central Asia, which has traditionally been Russian sphere of influence, allows us to investigate the possible responses of one regional power to leadership projects of another. Russia plays different roles in Chinese projects in Central Asia: a co-leader in counter-terrorism sphere, a follower in financial governance, a competitor in economic cooperation, and an observer in environmental protection sphere. The role of Russia is determined by the available resources in each area and its own leadership ambitions, as well as the desire of the PRC to maintain friendly relations with Moscow.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внешняя политика КНР</kwd><kwd>лидерство</kwd><kwd>Центральная Азия</kwd><kwd>ШОС</kwd><kwd>ОПОП</kwd><kwd>АБИИ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chinese foreign policy</kwd><kwd>leadership</kwd><kwd>Central Asia</kwd><kwd>SCO</kwd><kwd>OBOR</kwd><kwd>AIIB</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование  выполнено  при   финансовой  поддержке  РФФИ  в   рамках  научного  проекта №  19-014-00030.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Grant №19-014-00030.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бусыгина И. 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