<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2022.20.2.69.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Климатическая политика администрации Байдена в отношении Китая. Сторонники и оппоненты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Biden administration's climate policy toward China. Supporters and opponents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голуб</surname><given-names>Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golub</surname><given-names>Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Голуб</p><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurii Golub</p><p>Saratov, 410012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goloub@info.sgu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шенин</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shenin</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Шенин</p><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei Shenin</p><p>Saratov, 410012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет им. Н. Г. Чернышевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голуб Ю., Шенин С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голуб Ю., Шенин С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golub Y., Shenin S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/210">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/210</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу современных американо-китайских отношений в климатической сфере и прогнозированию перспектив их развития в ближайшем будущем. Авторы исследуют причины обострения двусторонних климатических отношений, рассматривая их историю и различия в подходах к проблеме в США со стороны двух ведущих партий и наиболее влиятельных политико-идеологических групп. Отмечается, что администрация Дж. Байдена, придя к власти, сразу стала наращивать давление на руководство КНР с целью заставить их ускорить «зелёный транзит», то есть переход от использования ископаемого топлива к возобновляемым источникам энергии. Стратеги американской администрации предполагают, что такой подход должен притормозить экономическое развитие Китая, дав таким образом Соединённым Штатам время для внутренних реформ, нацеленных на достижение ими глобального зелёного лидерства, которое, в свою очередь, должно обеспечить экономическое доминирование в посткризисный период. В тактическом плане администрация Байдена пытается отделить климатическую составляющую от общей политики давления на Китай. Такой подход не поддерживает большинство политико-идеологических групп. Прогрессистское крыло Демократической партии выступает за тесное сотрудничество с КНР, допуская возможность геополитических уступок за климат. Умеренные республиканцы считают возможной конструктивную конкуренцию с Пекином в климатической сфере. Консерваторы в Республиканской партии уверены, что Китай не выполнит своих обещаний. Они ратуют за климатический реализм, то есть проведение реформ в США только с учётом достижений других стран, в первую очередь КНР. Неоконсервативная группировка настаивает на неэффективности климатического давления и требует делать ставку на жёсткие геополитические шаги в отношении Пекина. Авторы формулируют вывод о том, что недовольство правящей элиты китайской политикой Байдена сильно затруднит одобрение программы климатических реформ в Конгрессе, а сдерживание КНР будет носить преимущественно экономический и геополитический характер.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the contemporary US-Chinese relations in the climate sphere and forecasting the prospects for their development in the near future. In the context of the evolution of the problem in the past, as well as taking into account the differences in approaches to the problem in the United States from the two leading parties and the most influential political and ideological groups, the authors investigate the causes of the aggravation of climate relations between Washington and Beijing. It is noted that having occupied the White House, the Democratic administration of J. Biden began to increase pressure on the Chinese government in order to force it to accelerate the passage of "green transit", i.e. the transition from the use of fossil fuels in the economy to renewable energy sources. It is assumed that such a strategy should slow down China's economic development, thus giving America time for internal reforms aimed at achieving its global "green" leadership, which, in turn, should ensure economic dominance in the post-crisis period. Tactically, the administration uses a "separate" methodology, i.e. declares the need to isolate from each other the climate and all other components of the Chinese policy of the United States. This approach is not supported by most political and ideological groups. Thus, the progressive wing of the Democratic Party insists on close climate cooperation with China, which implies a possibility of geopolitical concessions. Moderate Republicans ("realists") consider "constructive competition" with Beijing in the climate sphere possible. Conservatives are confident that China will not fulfill its promises, and therefore they advocate "climate realism", which means carrying out internal reforms in the United States only taking into account what has been done by other countries, primarily China. The neoconservative group demands to abandon climate pressure and rely on tough geopolitical steps against Beijing. It is concluded that disagreement within the ruling elite with Biden's Chinese policy will greatly complicate the approval of the climate reform program in Congress, therefore the "containment" of the PRC will be primarily economic and geopolitical in nature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>зелёный переход</kwd><kwd>Си Цзиньпин</kwd><kwd>Джозеф Байден</kwd><kwd>Республиканская партия</kwd><kwd>Демократическая партия</kwd><kwd>МГЭИК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>green transition</kwd><kwd>Xi Jinping</kwd><kwd>Joseph Biden</kwd><kwd>Republican Party</kwd><kwd>Democratic Party</kwd><kwd>IPCC</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Голуб Ю., Шенин С. Администрация Байдена и проблемы «зелёного транзита» // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. 2022. Т. 66. No 2. С. 5–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antonio R., Brulle R. (2011). The Unbearable Lightness of Politics: Climate Change Denial and Political Polarization. Sociological Quarterly. Vol. 52. No. 2. P. 195–202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грицевич И.Г. Перспективы и сценарии низкоуглеродного развития: ЕС, Китай и США в глобальном контексте. М.: Скорость цвета, 2011. 36 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banks J. (2021). Fossil Fuel Divestment Prompts Backlash. The Progressive Magazine. URL: https://progressive.org/op-eds/fossil-fuel-divestment-banks-220221/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дмитриев С.С. «Американский план создания рабочих мест» с антикитайским акцентом // США &amp; Канада: экономика, политика, культура. 2021. No 12. С. 86–100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bledsoe P. (2021). Biden Must Compel China and Russia to Act on Climate. Progressive Policy Institute. URL: https://www.progressivepolicy.org/pressrelease/biden-must-compel-china-and-russia-to-act-on-climate/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Матвеев В.А. Борьба с изменением климата – новая арена противоборства Китая и США // Китай в мировой и региональной политике. 2021. Т. 26. С. 337–351.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen H., Lin A. (2019). US Withdraws from Paris – Don’t Expect China to Follow Suit. Natural Resources Defense Council. URL: https://www.nrdc.org/experts/alvin-lin/us-withdraws-paris-dont-expect-china-follow-suit (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько О.В. Меняющийся баланс сил в мире: американо-китайский контекст // США &amp; Канада: экономика, политика, культура. 2020. No 8. С. 30–51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conrad B. (2012). China in Copenhagen: Reconciling the “Beijing Climate Revolution” and the “Copenhagen Climate Obstinacy”. The China Quarterly. Vol. 210. P. 435–455.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколов В.И. Экологическая повестка дня правительства Б. Обамы // США &amp; Канада: экономика, политика, культура. 2012. No 3. С. 99–114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Derek S. (2020). Coercing China on climate change? American Enterprise Institute. URL: https://www.aei.org/foreign-and-defense-policy/asia/coercing-china-on-climate-change/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Степанов А.С. Американские эксперты о противостоянии США – КНР // США &amp; Канада: экономика, политика, культура. 2021. No 9. С. 89–105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dmitriev S.S. (2021). “Аmerikanskij plan sozdaniya rabochikh mest” s antikitajskim aktsentom ["American Job Creation Plan" with Anti-Chinese Emphasis]. SSHА &amp; Kanada: ehkonomika, politika, kul'tura. No. 12. P. 86–100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шенин С.Ю. Американо-российские отношения: «меню» для нового президента // США &amp; Канада: экономика, политика, культура. 2016. No 12. С. 3–27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Erickson A., Collins G. (2021). Competition With China Can Save the Planet. Foreign Affairs. May/June 2021. URL: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2021-04-13/competition-china-can-save-planet (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antonio R. and Brulle R. The Unbearable Lightness of Politics: Climate Change Denial and Political Polarization // Sociological Quarterly. 2011. Vol. 52. No. 2. P. 195–202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golub Y., Shenin S. (2022). Аdministratsiya Bajdena i problemy “zelyenogo tranzita” [The Biden administration and problems of the "green transit"]. Mirovaya ehkonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. Vol. 66. No. 2. P. 5–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banks J. Fossil Fuel Divestment Prompts Backlash // The Progressive Magazine. February 21, 2021. URL: https://progressive.org/op-eds/fossil-fuel-divestment-banks-220221/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gritsevich I.G. (2011). Perspektivy i stsenarii nizkouglerodnogo razvitiya: ES, Kitaj i SSHА v global'nom kontekste [Prospects and scenarios for low-carbon development: the EU, China and the USA in a global context]. Moscow: Skorost' tsveta. 36 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bledsoe P. Biden Must Compel China and Russia to Act on Climate. Progressive Policy Institute. April 15, 2021. URL: https://www.progressivepolicy.org/pressrelease/biden-must-compel-china-and-russia-to-act-on-climate/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jacques P. et al. (2008). The organization of denial: Conservative think tanks and environmental skepticism. Environmental Politics. Vol. 17. No. 3. P. 349–385.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen H., Lin A. US Withdraws from Paris – Don’t Expect China to Follow Suit. Natural Resources Defense Council. November 5, 2019. URL: https://www.nrdc.org/experts/alvin-lin/us-withdraws-paris-dont-expect-china-follow-suit (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klare M. (2021). The Burning Future of U.S.-China Relations. TomDispatch. URL: https://tomdispatch.com/how-to-save-the-world-from-a-climate-armageddon/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conrad B. China in Copenhagen: Reconciling the “Beijing Climate Revolution” and the “Copenhagen Climate Obstinacy” // The China Quarterly. 2012. Vol. 210. P. 435–455.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kochis D. (2021). Biden Wants NATO To Focus on Climate Change. What About Russia? Heritage Foundation. URL: https://www.heritage.org/node/24749293/print-display (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Derek S. Coercing China on climate change? American Enterprise Institute. February 5, 2020. URL: https://www.aei.org/foreign-and-defense-policy/asia/coercing-china-on-climate-change/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ladislaw S. (2021). Productive Competition: A Framework for U.S.-China Engagement on Climate Change. CSIS. URL: https://www.csis.org/analysis/productive-competition-framework-us-china-engagement-climate-change (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Erickson A., Collins G. Competition With China Can Save the Planet // Foreign Affairs. May/June 2021. URL: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2021-04-13/competition-china-can-save-planet (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matveev V.А. (2021). Bor'ba s izmeneniem klimata – novaya arena protivoborstva Kitaya i SSHА [The fight against climate change is a new arena of confrontation between China and the United States]. Kitaj v mirovoj i regional'noj politike. Vol. 26. P. 337–351.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jacques P., Dunlap R., Freeman M. The organization of denial: Conservative think tanks and environmental skepticism // Environmental Politics. 2008. Vol. 17. No. 3. P. 349–385.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazzocco I. (2021). What Is China’s Climate Agenda? CSIS. URL: https://www.csis.org/analysis/what-chinas-climate-agenda (дата обращения: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klare M. The Burning Future of U.S.-China Relations // TomDispatch. October 14, 2021. URL: https://tomdispatch.com/how-to-save-the-world-from-a-climate-armageddon/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCright A., Dunlap R. (2011). The Politicization of Climate Change and Polarization In The American Public's Views of Global Warming. Sociological Quarterly. Vol. 52. No. 2. P.155–194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kochis D. Biden Wants NATO To Focus on Climate Change. What About Russia? Heritage Foundation. August 13, 2021. URL: https://www.heritage.org/node/24749293/print-display (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhod'ko O. V. (2020). Menyayushhijsya balans sil v mire: amerikano–kitajskij kontekst [The changing balance of power in the world: the US-China context]. SSHА &amp; Kanada: ehkonomika, politika, kul'tura. No. 8. P. 30–51.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ladislaw S. Productive Competition: A Framework for U.S.-China Engagement on Climate Change. CSIS. January 21, 2021. URL: https://www.csis.org/analysis/productive-competition-framework-us-china-engagement-climate-change (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">QI Y., Wu T. (2021). China’s ‘yes’ to new role in climate battle. Brookings Institution. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/chinas-yes-to-new-role-in-climate-battle/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lewis J., Edwards L. Assessing China’s Energy and Climate Goals. May 2021. Center for American Progress. URL: https://www.americanprogress.org/article/assessing-chinas-energy-climate-goals/#:~:text=China%27s%20initial%20nationally%20determined%20contribution,peak%20CO2%20emissions%20by%202030 (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shenin S.YU. (2016). Аmerikano–rossijskie otnosheniya: “menyu” dlya novogo prezidenta [US-Russian relations: the "menu" for a new president]. SSHА &amp; Kanada: ehkonomika, politika, kul'tura. No. 12. P. 3–27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mazzocco I. What Is China’s Climate Agenda? CSIS. November 4, 2021. URL: https://www.csis.org/analysis/what-chinas-climate-agenda (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith T. (2021). Experts React: COP26 Preview. CSIS. URL: https://www.csis.org/analysis/experts-react-cop26-preview (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCright A., Dunlap R. The Politicization of Climate Change and Polarization In The American Public's Views of Global Warming // Sociological Quarterly. 2011. Vol. 52. No. 2. P. 155–194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolov V.I. (2012). Ekologicheskaya povestka dnya pravitel'stva B. Obamy [The environmental agenda of the B. Obama Government]. SSHА &amp; Kanada: ehkonomika, politika, kul'tura. No. 3. P. 99–114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">QI Y., Wu T. China’s ‘yes’ to new role in climate battle. Brookings Institution. December 4, 2015. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/chinas-yes-to-new-role-in-climate-battle/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stepanov А.S. (2021). Аmerikanskie ehksperty o protivostoyanii SSHА – KNR [American experts on the US – China confrontation]. SSHА &amp; Kanada: ehkonomika, politika, kul'tura. No. 9. P. 89–105.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith T. Experts React: COP26 Preview. CSIS. October 28, 2021. URL: https://www.csis.org/analysis/experts-react-cop26-preview (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stern T. (2020). Can the United States and China reboot their climate cooperation. Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/can-the-united-states-and-china-reboot-their-climate-cooperation/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stern T. Can the United States and China reboot their climate cooperation. Brookings Institution. September 14, 2020. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/can-the-united-states-and-china-reboot-their-climate-cooperation/ (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tubb K. (2021). Climate Change Report Isn’t a Blank Check for Green Policies. Heritage Foundation. URL: https://www.heritage.org/environment/commentary/climate-change-report-isnt-blank-check-green-policies (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tubb K. Climate Change Report Isn’t a Blank Check for Green Policies. Heritage Foundation. August 28, 2021. URL: https://www.heritage.org/environment/commentary/climate-change-report-isnt-blank-check-green-policies (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tubb K. Climate Change Report Isn’t a Blank Check for Green Policies. Heritage Foundation. August 28, 2021. URL: https://www.heritage.org/environment/commentary/climate-change-report-isnt-blank-check-green-policies (accessed: 20.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
