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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2020.18.4.63.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-235</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инновационная трансформация крупнейших интернет-платформ: тренды и влияние на национальные инновационные системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Transformation of Superplatforms: trends and impact on the national innovation systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данилин Иван Владимирович - кандидат политических наук, заведующий Отделом науки и инноваций</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Ivan Danilin - Head, Sector for Innovation Policies</p><p>Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danilin.iv@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений им. Е.М. Примакова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>127</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Данилин И.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данилин И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Danilin I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/235">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/235</self-uri><abstract><p>Сверхкрупные платформы – цифровые многоотраслевые корпорации, контролирующие ключевые интернет-рынки, – по праву считаются ведущими игроками цифровой экономики и входят в число крупнейших транснациональных корпораций. Несмотря на то что многие базовые факторы их успеха до сих пор сохраняют актуальность, усиление конкуренции, исчерпание низкой базы роста и иные вызовы привели их в конце 2000-х – начале 2010-х годов к ставке на опережающее развитие инновационно-технологического потенциала. Процесс поддерживался мощным притоком инвестиций. Начались форсированный рост расходов сверхкрупных платформ на исследования и разработки (ИР), венчурные инвестиции, скупка стартапов, формирование огромных инновационных экосистем. Уже к концу 2010-х годов сверхкрупные платформы превратились в ведущих глобальных игроков в сфере технологий и инноваций, акцентирующих при этом развитие наиболее перспективных цифровых технологий (включая искусственный интеллект, облачные вычисления, робототехнику) и рынков будущего. Складывается уникальная ситуация. Сверхкрупные платформы во всё более значительной мере становятся самостоятельным фактором развития национальных инновационных систем (НИС), цифровой трансформации и обеспечения глобальной конкурентоспособности США и КНР как стран-лидеров цифровой экономики. В перспективе платформенные компании, по всей видимости, сохранят акцент на инновационной трансформации – тем более что дальнейший экстенсивный рост ИР и технологических инвестиций вряд ли реален в новых финансовых условиях. При этом сравнительно большую роль в этих процессах, по-видимому, будет играть внешний контекст. Это – изменение регуляторных условий функционирования данных платформ (в том числе для преодоления актуальных вызовов монополизации цифровых рынков); пересмотр глобальных торгово-экономических режимов и технологическая война США и КНР; нарастание глобальной конкуренции. Наиболее вероятно, что результатом изменений станет дальнейший рост роли платформ в НИС, их превращение в новый фактор экономической и цифровой мощи – и новое поле конкуренции сверхдержав.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Superplatforms – diversified digital corporations from the United States (Amazon, Google and others grouped in FAMGA/GAFAM) and China (Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent) dominating the Internet markets – are the leading actors of digital economy. In terms of revenue, markets, and capitalization they are already among the largest multinational corporations. Many basic factors of their success are still in place, but increased competition, diminishing importance of low base effects and other challenges forced them to sharpen focus on innovations and emerging technologies since late 2000s – early 2010s. This process was supported by a strong influx of capital from financial markets. As a result, superplatforms executed strong growth of research and development (R&amp;D) expenditures and investments in venture markets – especially in the domain of emerging technologies. By the end of 2010s, superplatforms appeared among leading technology and innovation actors of respective National Innovation Systems (NIS) in terms of their share of national business R&amp;D, venture investments and because of unique role in promoting digital transformation of the U.S.A. and China. It may also be stated, that superplatforms now are an important factor of both potential and competitiveness of the superpowers, including issues of digital sovereignty. For the future, disruptive innovations and technologies will still be in focus of the superplatforms. This is especially true since superplatforms need new quality of innovative development: further accelerated increase of R&amp;D and venture investments seem to be almost impossible in new realm of the financial markets. The process will be more influenced by the external factors, than in the previous decade. (Among them are changes in the regulatory environment – also to compensate challenging monopolistic behaviors of FAMGA and BAT; changing global trade and investment dynamics – including technological “war” between the U.S.A. and China; rise of global competition). As a result, we may envision further rise of importance of the superplatforms for NIS and their transformation into a new factor of economic and digital power – and new arena of global competition for the U.S.A. and China.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сверхкрупные платформы</kwd><kwd>цифровая экономика</kwd><kwd>исследования и разработки</kwd><kwd>стартапы</kwd><kwd>национальные инновационные системы</kwd><kwd>цифровая трансформация</kwd><kwd>перспективные технологии</kwd><kwd>экосистемы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>superplatforms</kwd><kwd>digital economy</kwd><kwd>research and development</kwd><kwd>venture markets</kwd><kwd>national innovation systems</kwd><kwd>digital transformation</kwd><kwd>emerging technologies</kwd><kwd>ecosystems</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект №18-010-01176 «Агенты развития цифровой экономики: формирование, сетевые взаимодействия и государственная политики по их поддержке».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, research project №18-010-01176 (“Digital economy development agents: formation, networking and public policy”).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилин И.В. 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