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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2021.19.2.65.8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-255</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ БИЗНЕС</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цифровая валюта центральных банков экономические сценарии и прогнозы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Digital currency of central banks economic scenarios and forecasts</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоренко</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorenko</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элина Сидоренко</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elina Sidorenko</p><p>Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">12011979@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>165</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сидоренко Э., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сидоренко Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sidorenko E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/255">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/255</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе проведён системный анализ цифровой валюты центральных банков (ЦВЦБ) как нового финансового инструмента. Основной целью работы стало исследование экономических сценариев развития ЦВЦБ внутри страны и за её пределами на основе оценки основных признаков, преимуществ и рисков внедрения этого финансового инструмента в современную монетарную политику. ЦВЦБ рассмотрена в работе в трёх основных качествах: как инструмент внутригосударственных расчётов, как единая расчётная единица межгосударственных блоков и как универсальная международная цифровая валюта. Каждая из этих моделей рассматривалась автором в плоскости мотивации участников рынка, степени готовности проекта и совместимости с существующей финансовой системой. Дифференциация моделей в зависимости от архитектуры расчётов, технологических параметров и масштабов реализации позволила заключить, что в настоящее время отсутствует единое понимание природы и экономических преимуществ ЦВЦБ как на уровне отдельных стран, так и международного сообщества в целом. Обращая внимание на технологические плюсы цифровизации финансовой системы, государства не готовы ответить на вопрос о масштабах внедрения ЦВЦБ. Будет ли это заменой наличности в стране или станет единым средством расчёта между разными странами? И готовы ли сегодня государства рассматривать такую возможность? В заключении работы автор обосновывает мысль о том, что в ближайшие 3–5 лет интерес к ЦВЦБ будет расти преимущественно в развивающихся странах, добивающихся качественного скачка в развитии сектора цифровых финансовых услуг. Что же касается развитых стран, то они ни объективно, ни субъективно не готовы изменить уже выстроенную и хорошо зарекомендовавшую себя финансовую систему, а потому, с учётом их слабой заинтересованности в смене парадигм, цифровая валюта в ближайшие 10 лет не сможет составить альтернативу доллару США как единицы международных расчётов. Вместе с тем велика вероятность развития ЦВЦБ как средства расчётов между странами в рамках межгосударственных блоков при условии единства целей участников этих блоков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study provides a systematic analysis of central banks digital currencies (CBDC) as a new financial instrument. The main goal of the study was to review the CBDC economic development scenarios both domestically and internationally based on the assessment of the main features, advantages and risks of introducing this financial instrument into the modern monetary policy. The study considers the following three main characteristics of CBDC: a tool for domestic settlements, a single unit of account for the economic bloc of countries and a universal international digital currency. Each of these models was considered by the author in terms of the motivation of market participants, degree of readiness of the project and its compatibility with the existing financial system. Differentiation of models, depending on the payment architecture, the technological parameters and the implementation scale, allowed to conclude that currently there is no common understanding of the CBDC nature and economic advantages neither for individual countries nor for the international community as a whole. Noting the technological advantages of digitalization of the financial system, states are yet to answer the question of the CBDC implementation scale. Will it replace cash domestically or will it become a single international payment instrument? And are states ready today to consider such a possibility? The author concludes the study by substantiating the idea that in the next 3-5 years interest in the digital financial services sector will grow mainly in developing countries looking for a qualitative leap in the development of the digital financial services. As for the developed countries, those are neither objectively nor subjectively ready to change the already built and well-proven financial system, and therefore, given their weak interest in paradigm shifts, digital currency in the next 10 years will not be able to provide an alternative to the US dollar as a unit of international settlements. At the same time, there is a high probability of the CBDC development as a means of payment within the economic bloc of countries provided the unity of purpose of its participants.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровая валюта центральных банков</kwd><kwd>криптовалюта</kwd><kwd>экономические сценарии</kwd><kwd>монетарная политика</kwd><kwd>валютные отношения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central bank digital currency</kwd><kwd>cryptocurrency</kwd><kwd>economic scenarios</kwd><kwd>monetary policy</kwd><kwd>currency relations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья опубликована в рамках проекта «Посткризисное мироустройство: вызовы и технологии, конкуренция и сотрудничество» по гранту Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ на проведение крупных научных проектов по приоритетным направлениям научно-технологического развития (Соглашение № 075-15-2020-783).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цифровой рубль: Доклад для общественных консультаций 2020. 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