intertrendsМеждународные процессыInternational Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy1728-27561811-2773AEFIR10.17994/IT.2021.19.3.66.2intertrends-258Research ArticleРЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯREALITY AND THEORYЭмоции и международные отношенияEmotions and international relationsКоцурГ.KotsurG.

Глеб Коцур

Санкт-Петербург

Gleb Kotsur

Saint – Petersburg, 191060

glebk17@gmail.comСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSaint – Petersburg State UniversityRussian Federation2021300920211934367Copyright © Коцур Г., 20212021Коцур Г.Kotsur G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/258

В фокусе внимания статьи находится эмоциональный поворот последних десятилетий в социальных науках, в рамках которого их представители уделяют внимание изучению общественного и политического измерения коллективных эмоций, чувств и аффектов. Прежнее доминирование биологической и эссенциалистской парадигмы сменилось культуроцентричными подходами на базе социального конструктивизма благодаря работам в двух дисциплинах – антропологии эмоций и истории эмоций. Наследием подобной научной революции стало акцентированное изучение уникальных особенностей в ущерб попыткам исследований общих повторяемых феноменов, потому что эмансипироваться от биологической парадигмы означало показать множественность эмоциональных паттернов во времени и пространстве. Наука о международных отношениях также оказалась затронутой эмоциональным поворотом, что выразилось в начале 2000-х годов в оформлении соответствующей области конструктивистских исследований. Объектом данной работы выступила транснациональная структурная общность – коллективные эмоциональные паттерны, которые обладают повторяемостью и функционируют поверх государственных границ. Отсутствие концептуализации данного феномена объясняется наследием интеллектуальной традиции антропологии и истории эмоций, а также особенностями постпозитивистской онтологии, в рамках которой коллективный субъект каждый раз конституируется новым взаимодействием. Цель статьи – восполнить эпистемологический вакуум и наметить пути концептуализации транснациональной структурной общности, так как именно наука о МО представляется профильной для этого областью знания. Примером транснациональной структурной общности является кризисное реагирование после террористических атак, которое автор исследует через теоретико-методологическую рамку эмоциональной культуры С. Кошута в сочетании с понятием эмотивов У. Редди. Речи лидеров Израиля, США, России, Индии и Франции после шести терактов с 1972 по 2015 годов позволяют выявить единую троичную эмоциональную структуру, неизменно наблюдаемую в каждом рассматриваемом случае. Она включает в себя эмотив сожаления; компенсаторную конструкцию, состоящую из эмотивов борьбы со страхом через ответную решимость; наконец, эмотив солидарности. Данная дискурсивная конструкция функционирует и обладает устойчивостью благодаря тому, что эмоциональный код соединяет тип события (теракт) с культурным сценарием (троичная структура). Автор предлагает в будущем продолжать изучение транснациональной структурной общности через концепцию эмоциональной культуры, а также при необходимости прибегать к эпистемическим интервенциям из смежных областей, например социологического институционализма с его фокусом на исследования изоморфизма.

This article is the part of the recent emotional turn when the scholars of social science are paying more attention to the study of collective emotions in international affairs. The former dominance of the biological and essentialist paradigms in this field were replaced by a number of culture-centered approaches based on social constructivism, which were elaborated within two pioneering disciplines – anthropology of emotions and history of emotions. The influence of such a scientific revolution included the key axis of the common – unique with an emphasis on the latter. The IR has been also affected by an emotional turn when the field of constructivist emotional studies had been established in the early 2000s. The object of this work is the transnational structural common – collective emotional patterns that have recurrent nature and emerge beyond state borders. This part of reality has not been conceptualized by scholars. Therefore, the aim of the article is to fill an epistemological vacuum and outline the ways for conceptualization of transnational structural common. It is IR that seem to be the most suitable field to do this. The empirical case of the crisis response after terrorist attacks are analyzed as the example of the transnational structural common. This case is explored by the author through the framework of "emotion culture" by S. Koschut in combination with the concept of "emotives" by W. Reddy. Speeches by the leaders of Israel, the United States, Russia, India and France after six terrorist attacks from 1972 to 2015 allow to identify an integrated tripartite emotional structure, which is observed in each of the cases. This structure includes an emotive of pity; compensatory structure with the emotives of fighting fear through reciprocal determination; finally, an emotive of solidarity. This discursive structure functions in a stable way because the emotional code connects the type of event (terrorist attack) with the cultural script (tripartite structure). Finally, some approaches in sociological institutionalism would enrich future studies of emotion culture.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.