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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2021.19.4.67.8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-271</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХОЛОДНО – О ГОРЯЧЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEBATING AN ISSUE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ложная альтернатива? Популистский вызов солидарности ес в отношении России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Flase alarm? Populism as a challenge to solidarity in eu policy towards Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеин</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shein</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Шеин</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Shein</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sshein@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аликин</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alikin</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артём Аликин</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artyom Alikin</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>162</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шеин С., Аликин А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шеин С., Аликин А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shein S., Alikin A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/271">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/271</self-uri><abstract><p>Рост популизма в государствах–членах Европейского Союза, как масштабный внутренний вызов евроинтеграционному проекту, имеет проекцию на сферу внешней политики Брюсселя. Отклонение популистских программ и стратегий от позиций мейнстрима наиболее ярко проявляется в политике ЕС по отношению к России. В этой связи встаёт вопрос о соотношении внешнеполитических ориентаций европейских популистов с ключевой ценностью ЕС – принципом солидарности. В статье авторы стремятся ответить на вопрос, как формулируются и реализуются внешнеполитические программы популистов и способны ли они нанести ущерб воплощению принципа солидарности во внешней политике ЕС на российском направлении. Используя идейный или идеологический подход к пониманию популизма и сравнительный анализ внешнеполитических программ популистских акторов Германии, Великобритании и Венгрии, авторы приходят к выводу, что отклонения партий правопопулистской (АдГ, ПНСК, Фидес) и левопопулистской («Левые») окраски выражены в разной степени и предполагают различные акценты: «стратегический союз» по отношению к России у АдГ и «Левых»; прагматичная пророссийскость у Фидес, амбивалентное отношение у ПНСК. Европейские правые и левые популисты с разной степенью радикальности подходят к реализации принципа солидарности во внешнеполитическом курсе ЕС по отношению к России. При этом отчётливо проявляется ограниченность возможностей транслировать программы и установки популистов во внешнеполитический курс Брюсселя по отношению к России. Как следствие, несмотря на преимущественно пророссийскую риторику, популизм у власти и в оппозиции не способен демонтировать существующий консенсус во внешней политике ЕС. Природа популизма как идеологии и инструментальное использование левыми и правыми популистами темы России для «внутреннего потребления» выступают барьерами для реального оспаривания курса, проводимого Брюсселем. Более того, популисты становятся удобным «спарринг-партнёром» для укрепления солидарности государств–членов ЕС в выстраивании внешней политики в отношении Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Being a large-scale internal challenge to the European integration project, the growth of populism in the EU has a projection on the foreign policy of both national states and the European Union. A Russian vector of the EU’s policy is a domain where the deviation of populist programs and strategies from the positions of the mainstream parties is most evident. In this regard, it is crucial to understand how the foreign policy orientations of European populists affect the most important principle and value of the EU – solidarity, in particular, in the EU's foreign policy towards Russia. Using an ideological approach to understanding populism and a comparative analysis of the foreign policy programs of populist actors in Germany, United Kingdom and Hungary, the article concludes that the deviations of right-wing populist parties (AfD, UKIP, Fidesz) and left-wing populist ("Left") are expressed in different ways, degrees and suggest different accents: the “strategic alliance” towards Russia among in the cases of AfD and the “Left”; pragmatic pro-Russian attitude in the case of Fidesz, ambivalent attitude in the case of UKIP. Despite the predominantly pro-Russian rhetoric, populism in power and in the opposition does not have the capacity to dismantle solidarity and the European consensus in the EU's foreign policy towards Russia. The nature of populism as an ideology and the instrumental use by left and right populists of the "Russian issue" for "domestic consumption" are a significant barrier to a real challenge to the EU's policy towards Russia. Moreover, the populists serve as a convenient "sparring partner" to strengthen the existing solidarity in the EU on the issue of relations with Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>популизм</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика ЕС</kwd><kwd>солидарность</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>populism</kwd><kwd>EU foreign policy</kwd><kwd>solidarity</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках гранта РНФ № 20-78-00103 «Популизм как фактор онтологического измерения безопасности ЕС: вызовы для России».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бышок С.О. Образ России в программных установках партий-евроскептиков: сравнительный анализ: Дис. ... канд. полит. наук. М.: МГУ им. 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