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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2023.21.1.72.8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-303</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мировой порядок как теоретико-методологическая категория</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Order as a Category of International Studies: Theoretical Foundations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фененко</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fenenko</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Фененко</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey Fenenko</p><p>Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">afenenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>6–42</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фененко А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фененко А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fenenko A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/303">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/303</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная статья посвящена изучению мирового порядка в современной политической теории. Автор показывает, что современной англо-американской и российской политической науке присущи общие проблемы, связанные с изучением данной категории. Во-первых, современные международники зачастую неоправданно вырывают современный мировой порядок из контекста исторического развития, противопоставляя его всей мировой истории. Во-вторых, современным теориям мирового порядка присуща высокая степень нормативности: оценки политических процессов с морально-этических или откровенно идеологических (как правило, либеральных) позиций. В-третьих, исследователи часто преувеличивают оригинальность современного мирового порядка, хотя многие свойственные ему характеристики были присущи и другим порядкам. В современной политический литературе также часто путают или отождествляют понятия «порядок» и «система». Невыявленным остаётся механизм смены мировых порядков, их качественное отличие друг от друга и даже само их количество и наименование. В связи с этим автор сконцентрировал внимание на двух взаимосвязанных задачах: 1) определить взаимоотношение терминов «система» и «порядок международных отношений»; 2) обозначить системные характеристики мировых порядков, которые позволят выявить их количество, механизм их смены и качественное отличие. В рамках статьи автор уточняет терминологию по проблемам мировых порядков и предлагает рассматривать их как завершение политических систем, которые прошли свой цикл развития – от зарождения до распада. В основе порядка лежат определение соотношения сил между великими державами и установленные на его основе базовые ценности и правила взаимодействия. Мировой порядок возникает по результатам тотальной войны и ликвидируется тотальной войной; ограниченные войны регулируют отношения внутри мирового порядка. Два типа мировых порядков – гегемонистский порядок и порядок баланса сил – выступают как два равноположенных типа порядка. Их распад обусловлен объективными причинами (изменением соотношения сил и деградацией правовых норм), которые приводят к появлению антисистемных ревизионистов. Автор полагает, что Ялтинско-Потсдамский порядок, по-видимому, повторит полный цикл эволюции предшественников.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is devoted to the study of world order in modern political theory. The author shows that modern Anglo-American and Russian political science share common problems related to its study. First, modern internationalists often unjustifiably take the modern world order out of the context of historical development, contrasting it with the entire world history. Second, modern theories of world order are characterized by a high degree of normativity: political processes are assessed from moral and ethical or openly ideological (usually liberal) positions. Third, researchers today often exaggerate the originality, or uniqueness, of the modern world order, although many of its problems existed in the past. Also, in modern political literature the concepts of "order" and "system" are often confused. Moreover, the mechanism of change of world orders, their qualitative difference from each other, even their number and names have not been revealed. In this regard, the author focuses on two interrelated tasks: 1) to define the relationship between the terms "system" and "order of international relations"; 2) to designate the systemic characteristics of world orders, which will make it possible to identify their number, the mechanism of their change and their qualitative difference. The article aims at clarifying the terminology on the subject of world orders and suggests considering them as completed political systems, which have covered their development cycle – from inception to disintegration. The basic concept of the order is that of balance of power between the great powers and the values and rules of interaction established on its basis. The world order emerges as the result of a total war and is terminated by a total war. Some limited wars regulate relations within the world order. The two types of world orders, namely, the hegemonic order and the balance of power order, acted as two equal types of order. Their disintegration is due to objective reasons, namely, the change in the balance of power and degradation of legal norms, which leads to the emergence of extra-systemic revisionists. The author believes that today’s Yalta-Potsdam order is likely to follow the entire cycle of the development of its predecessors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мировой порядок</kwd><kwd>международный порядок</kwd><kwd>Вестфальская система</kwd><kwd>суверенитет</kwd><kwd>тотальная война</kwd><kwd>ограниченная война</kwd><kwd>статус-кво</kwd><kwd>ревизионизм</kwd><kwd>гегемонизм</kwd><kwd>баланс сил</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>World order</kwd><kwd>international order</kwd><kwd>Westphalian system</kwd><kwd>sovereignty</kwd><kwd>total war</kwd><kwd>limited war</kwd><kwd>status quo</kwd><kwd>revisionism</kwd><kwd>hegemonic</kwd><kwd>balance of power</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеева Т.А. Теория международных отношений как политическая теория и наука. 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