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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/it.2019.17.4.59.7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-545</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы Северного морского пути и российско-американские отношения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Northern Sea Route in the Context of Russian-American Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галимуллин</surname><given-names>Эдуард</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galimullin</surname><given-names>Eduard</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галимуллин Эдуард Зульфатович - аспирант Кафедры политологии и политического управления Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте России</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mr Eduard Galimullin - Doctoral Student, Russian Academy of National Economic and Public Administration</p><p>Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edmsk11@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бенедык</surname><given-names>Ирина</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Benedyk</surname><given-names>Irina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бенедык Ирина Владимировна - Ph.D., кандидат экономических наук, доцент Департамента гражданского, структурного и экологического инжиниринга Университета Буффало (США)</p><p>Буффало</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Irina Benedyk - Associate Professor, Department of Civil, Structuraland Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo (USA)</p><p>Buffalo, NY, 14260</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edmsk11@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Academy of National Economic and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>The State University of New York at Buffalo</institution><country>United States</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галимуллин Э., Бенедык И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галимуллин Э., Бенедык И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galimullin E., Benedyk I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/545">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/545</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние десятилетия вследствие в первую очередь климатических изменений отмечается многократное возрастание международного интереса к арктическим морским маршрутам. Наибольшим потенциалом для развития среди них обладает так называемый Северный морской путь (СМП), располагающийся вдоль побережья Российской Федерации и обладающий перспективой круглогодичного судоходства между крупнейшими портами Азии и Северной Европы по значительно более короткой дистанции в сравнении с традиционными маршрутами. Его освоение происходит параллельно реализации масштабных проектов в нефтегазовой отрасли в районах, тяготеющих к СМП, которые обеспечивают ежегодный рост грузоперевозок на этом маршруте. Результаты многих исследований, однако, свидетельствуют о переоценке потенциала СМП из-за сохраняющейся большую часть навигационного периода необходимости ледокольного сопровождения. Отмечается влияние на развитие маршрута западных санкций, которые, фактически запретив шельфовые проекты, ограничили рост грузоперевозок в будущем, а также, вкупе с падением цен на нефть, снизили способность российских властей финансировать инфраструктурные проекты. Авторами рассматриваются юридические обоснования позиций России и США по остающемуся неразрешенным вопросу о правовом статусе СМП. Со стороны Соединённых Штатов Америки продолжает звучать риторика интернационализации транспортного коридора в противовес совершенно чёткой позиции Российской Федерации по приданию ему национального статуса, поскольку важнейшее значение маршрута для России связано не только с добычей и перевозкой углеводородов, но и с обеспечением национальной безопасности. Отмечается, что существующие нормы международного права, в первую очередь Конвенции ООН по морскому праву, позволяют находить доводы для защиты обеих позиций, оставляя нахождение компромиссного варианта на усмотрение сторонам спора. Отмечается, что основной задачей развития СМП для Российской Федерации должна оставаться реализация ресурсной и социально-экономической политики, в связи с чем необходима переоценка перспектив шельфовой добычи нефти и газа в долгосрочной перспективе. Авторами произведён обзор современных исследований состояния и перспектив объёмов грузоперевозок по СМП, отмечен ряд существующих проблем и возможных путей их решения. Рассмотрены точки соприкосновения США и России по СМП как по одному из важнейших аспектов государственной политики в Арктике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>International interest in arctic shipping routes has increased significantly over the past few decades. The Northern sea route (NSR) has the largest potential for development in the nearest future due to its better navigational characteristics. It is located in the territorial waters of the Russian Federation and opens up prospects for year-round navigation between the major ports of East Asia and Northern Europe at a shorter distance in comparison with traditional routes. Development of the NSR takes place concurrently with the implementation of large-scale projects in the oil and gas industry along the route, which provide annual growth of traffic and volumes through it. The results of many studies, however, indicate a reassessment of the potential of the NSR, due to the continuing need for icebreaking escort for most of the navigation period. Also, a number of circumstances, such as sanctions imposed on Russia and disputes on NSR navigational procedures, have a significant impact on the development of the NSR. The United States of America (U.S.) are trying to internationalize the transport corridor, as opposed to the Russian Federation plans to strengthen the national maritime sovereignty on the NSR, since the importance of the NSR for Russian Federation is not only in extraction and transportation of hydrocarbons, but also to ensuring national security in this region. In this paper, the authors provide an overview of current research on the status and prospects of the maritime freight transportation via the NSR, point out existing problems and considered solutions. The dispute between the U.S. and Russia on the NSR as important aspect of the state policy in the Arctic is considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Северный морской путь</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>государственная политика</kwd><kwd>судоходство</kwd><kwd>национальная безопасность</kwd><kwd>Конвенция ООН по морскому праву</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Northern Sea Route</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>U.S.</kwd><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>state policy</kwd><kwd>shipping</kwd><kwd>international relations</kwd><kwd>national security</kwd><kwd>United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Веретенников Н.П., Геращенко Л.В., Евграфова Л.Е. Реальность и перспективы развития коммуникаций Северного морского пути // Вестник МГТУ. 2016. Т. 19. №2. С. 377–382. 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