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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2019.17.3.58.3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-553</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль МОТ в международных процессах: к столетию международной организации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Importance of the ILO in International Processes: The Centenary of the International Organization</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>Александр</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>Alexander</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткаченко Александр Александрович - доктор экономических наук, профессор, заместитель директора Института исследований международных экономических отношений Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Dr Alexander Tkachenko - Deputy Director, Institute for Research of International Economic Relations, Financial University under the Governmentof the Russian Federation</p><p>Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alaltkachenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ткаченко А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ткаченко А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tkachenko A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/553">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/553</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается деятельность МОТ как старейшей международной организации, анализируются её основные трансформации в условиях глобализации, требующие значительных изменений в её правотворчестве. В статье раскрывается основная проблема МОТ – задача ратификации конвенций большинством стран-членов с целью глобального распространения норм в области трудового права; анализируются усилия МОТ на этом направлении. Показано, что организации пока не удаётся решить проблему ратификации многих важных конвенций. Обосновывается, что трудности вступления в силу конвенций из-за недостаточного уровня ратификации могут привести к потере контроля над политическими последствиями принимаемых МОТ мер. Проведён анализ проблем фрагментации международного права на примере распространения трудовых стандартов и регулирования рынка труда, роли государственных и частных транснациональных субъектов, что привело к выводу об особой опасности фрагментации из-за противоречивого толкования общего права. В статье раскрывается ряд проблем применения рекомендации МОТ №204 о переходе от неформальной к формальной экономике (2015), который, по мнению автора, не должен форсироваться, так как в современном мире неформальная экономика способствует уменьшению бедности, позволяя работать тем, кто не может быть привлечён к найму в формальной экономике, прежде всего из-за налоговой системы; отмечено, что осуществление зелёной инициативы и программ зелёных рабочих мест способствует расширению формального сектора занятости в развивающихся странах. Данная рекомендация оценивается автором как чрезмерная по охвату областей жизнедеятельности современного общества, выходящая за пределы мандата МОТ. Рассмотренное в статье замедление нормотворческой деятельности МОТ в последние десятилетия позволяет заключить, что основной фактор неустойчивости заключается в отсутствии заметного прогресса в ратификации принятых конвенций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the centenary of the ILO and analyzes the main transformations of the organization in the context of deepening globalization in recent decades; there have been significant changes in the ILO’s norms and standards. The article reveals the main problem of the ILO, which remains the task of increasing the number of ratifications of conventions for global proliferation of ILO’s standards in most member-states, and the ILO’s efforts to address the problem are also analyzed. It is shown that it is not yet possible to solve the problem of the low level of ratifications of many conventions which set standards in the most important areas of social and labor development. It is substantiated that an insufficient level of ratification can lead to a loss of control over the political consequences of the measures taken by the ILO. The problems of the fragmentation of international law and the consequences of fragmentation in the proliferation of norms and programs related to the rights of employees, labor standards and labor market regulation patterns are analyzed. The fragmentation fostered by both state and non-state international and transnational subjects is deteriorated by contradictory interpretation of common law. The article reveals the main problems of applying the latest ILO recommendation (2015) on the transition from the informal to the formal economy, that, as the author posits, should not be forced, because in the modern world the informal economy encourages the reduction of poverty by allowing to work those who cannot be employed in the formal economy. The reason lies in the tax system, which in many countries imposes an excessive burden on entrepreneurs. The article notes that the implementation of the green initiative and The Green Jobs Programme contributes to the expansion of the formal employment sector in developing countries. The ILO recommendation No. 204 is evaluated in the article as excessive in terms of the scope of activities in modern society. The main conclusion of the article connects the slowdown of ILO's norms-making activities in recent decades with the instability of the system and the lack of noticeable progress in the process of ratifying conventions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>МОТ</kwd><kwd>конвенции</kwd><kwd>глобальная экономика</kwd><kwd>ратификация</kwd><kwd>труд</kwd><kwd>занятость</kwd><kwd>международные трудовые нормы</kwd><kwd>цели развития</kwd><kwd>зелёные рабочие места</kwd><kwd>цифровые трудовые платформы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>International Labour Organization</kwd><kwd>conventions</kwd><kwd>global economy</kwd><kwd>ratification</kwd><kwd>labour</kwd><kwd>employment</kwd><kwd>international labour standards</kwd><kwd>Millennium Development Goals</kwd><kwd>green jobs</kwd><kwd>digital labour platforms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Демографическая энциклопедия. 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