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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2019.17.2.57.8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-565</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммиграционный контроль в борьбе с исламистским терроризмом: восприятия, функционирование, эффективность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immigration Control as a Means for Combating Islamic Terrorism: Perceptions, Modes of Functionning, and Efficiency Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голунов</surname><given-names>Сергей</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golunov</surname><given-names>Sergei</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голунов Сергей Валерьевич - доктор политических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Группы по исследованию проблем мира и конфликтов Национального исследовательского института мировой экономики и международных отношений им. Е.М. Примакова РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Dr Sergei Golunov - Leading Research Fellow, Peace and Conflict Studies Group, Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p><p>Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergei.golunov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений имени Е.М. Примакова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov’s Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>149</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голунов С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голунов С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golunov S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/565">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/565</self-uri><abstract><p>Терроризм рассматривается в качестве одной из основных угроз безопасности для многих стран мира, включая Россию и страны Запада. В числе мер борьбы с террористической угрозой значительной части политиков и общественности часто называется ужесточение миграционной политики, включая визовый режим и процедуры предоставления убежища. В настоящей работе исследуется вопрос эффективности иммиграционного контроля в борьбе с терроризмом, включая такие проблемы, как влияние массовых восприятий террористической угрозы на формирование иммиграционной политики, принципы работы иммиграционного контроля, анализ эффективности иммиграционного контроля как средства затруднить деятельность потенциальных террористов, а также концептуальная значимость российского опыта. В исследовании используются результаты анализа террористических инцидентов за период с 1999 по 2017 год, содержащихся в «Глобальной базе данных по терроризму», которая ведется американским «Национальным консорциумом по изучению терроризма и ответов на терроризм» (Мэрилендский университет в Колледж-Парке, США). Оценивается участие в террористической активности обладателей различных иммиграционных статусов: нерезидентов, резидентов и граждан подвергшихся атаке стран. По итогам проведённого исследования делается вывод о том, что в целом эффективность иммиграционного контроля как средства борьбы с терроризмом относительно невелика. Основную массу исполнителей в настоящее время составляют граждане атакуемых стран, а участвующие в терактах неграждане-резиденты, как правило, радикализируются уже после получения статуса резидента. Жёсткую миграционную политику корректнее рассматривать как способ предотвратить дальнейшее ухудшение ситуации, затрудняя террористическим группировкам проведение широкомасштабных и хорошо финансируемых операций с участием нерезидентов, подобных терактам 11 сентября. Вместе с тем российский пример показывает, что безвизовый режим в условиях широкомасштабной миграции из Центральной Азии далеко не обязательно должен вести к резкому ухудшению террористической обстановки. Целесообразность проведения жёсткой визовой политики, по-видимому, во многом зависит от ряда страновых и региональных факторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Terrorism is one of the most acute security threats for many states, including Russia and Western countries. Many politicians and a significant part of general public see tightened immigration policies, including visa regime and asylum application procedures, as one of the key measures to counter terrorism threat. This study is focused on evaluating the effectiveness of immigration control as a means of combating terrorist threat. The study examines such issues, as influence of mass perceptions of terrorist threat on immigration policies, some fundamentals of immigration control as such, relevance of immigration policies as a way of targeting perpetrators, and conceptual importance of the Russian case. The study uses empirical data covering the period from 1999 to 2017 (the Global Terrorism Database, maintained by National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (University of Maryland, College)). Contributions of various categories of perpetrators according to their immigration statuses (non-residents, residents, and citizens of attacked states) are evaluated. The author concludes that the usual effectiveness of immigration control as a means of combating terrorist threat is relatively low. The bulk of perpetrators is represented by citizens of targeted states while permanent alien residents are usually radicalized after obtaining the resident status. It would be more correct to consider tough immigration policies as a means of preventing further deterioration by reducing terrorist groups’ opportunities to implement large-scale attacks, as it was on September 11, 2001. Yet the Russian case demonstrates that the visa-free regime in condition of large-scale immigration from Central Asia hasn’t led to dramatic exacerbation of terrorist threat. The utility of rigid visa policies for combatting terrorism depends to a large extent on some specific regionwide and countrywide factors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>терроризм</kwd><kwd>миграционная политика</kwd><kwd>визовый режим</kwd><kwd>проактивный контроль</kwd><kwd>радикализация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>terrorism</kwd><kwd>migration policy</kwd><kwd>visa regime</kwd><kwd>proactive control</kwd><kwd>radicalization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersen H., Mayerl J. Attitudes towards Muslims and fear of terrorism // Ethnic and Racial Studies. 2018. Vol. 41. No. 15. P. 2634–2655. 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