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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2018.16.3.54.4</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-619</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРИЗМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANALYTICAL PRISMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дискуссия об образах силы в теории международных отношений: поворот не туда?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Faces of Power Debate in International Relations Theory: A Wrong Turn?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>Николай</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>Nikolay</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юдин Николай Вадимович – кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры международных организаций и мировых политических процессов; сотрудник Центра проблем безопасности и развития МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Nikolay Yudin - Associate Professor, Department of International Organizations and World Political Process; Research Fellow, Center for Security and Development Studies, School of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nicolas.yudin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юдин Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юдин Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yudin N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/619">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/619</self-uri><abstract><p>Понятие «сила» принадлежит к числу краеугольных в науке о международных отношениях. Его используют и при анализе текущих реалий, и для прогнозирования будущего мирового порядка. Вокруг него развернулись бессчётные дискуссии с оригинальными концепциями и подходами, создающие представление об изучении силы в международных отношениях как динамично развивающемся научном направлении. Между тем за внешним благополучием скрывается ряд серьёзных теоретических проблем и пробелов, негативно отражающихся на возможностях прикладного анализа силовых взаимоотношений на мировой арене. В центре внимания статьи находится дискуссия о лицах или измерениях силы – одна из ключевых для зарубежных исследований данной проблематики тем, которая в значительной мере определила современный облик этой субдисциплины. Автор подвергает подробному критическому анализу концепции Р. Даля, П. Бахраха и М.С. Бараца, С. Льюкса и ряда других зарубежных исследователей, рассматривая последствия развернувшихся вокруг них научных обсуждений для теоретического осмысления силы. В результате он приходит к выводу о том, что, вопреки распространённым представлениям, дискуссия о лицах силы не может трактоваться как пример поступательного развития научных представлений в международных отношениях от более примитивных и редукционистских к более нюансированным и методологически совершенным. Увлекшись дискуссией о лицах силы, специалисты ушли от изучения по-настоящему фундаментальных проблем в сторону пусть и важных, но исключительно частных вопросов, поспособствовав тем самым развитию ряда крайне негативных с точки зрения эпистемологии силы тенденций. Первая из них выражается в существенном снижении общего уровня научной рефлексии проблематики силового взаимодействия. Вторая тенденция заключается в постоянном, ничем не ограниченном и методологически не оправданном расширении исследовательского поля за счёт включения в него всё новых форм и видов социальных взаимодействий. Наконец, третья тенденция связана с привнесением в процесс концептуального анализа феномена «силы» нормативного компонента, попытками дать ценностно приемлемое его определение. Ярчайшей иллюстрацией всех этих тенденций может служить концепция «мягкой силы» Дж. Ная, разбору которой посвящена вторая часть статьи. Выходом из сложившейся ситуации, по мнению автора, может стать, с одной стороны, обращение к незаслуженно забытым идеям Р. Даля, а с другой – дополнение их более проработанной методологией изучения социально-экономических детерминант силового взаимодействия на международной арене.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The notion of power is fundamental to the international relations theory serving as a tool for  both assessment of the contemporary IR and making forecasts about a new world order. Studies of power give an impression of a dynamic subdiscipline, rich with substantive discussions, new concepts and approaches. However, this image can be deceptive, hiding serious theoretical issues and  gaps  which severely limit the opportunities for applied analysis of power relations in the international arena. This paper focuses on the so-called faces (or dimensions) of power debate – one of the key theoretical debates within the Western studies of power, which to a considerable extent has predetermined the present state of the subdiscipline. On the basis of a thorough critical analysis of works by R. Dahl, P. Bachrach, M.S. Baratz, S. Lukes and several other scholars the paper provides an original assessment of the main points and directions of the faces of power debate, as well as its implications for theoretical studies of power in international relations. It is shown that contrary to common perceptions this debate should not be viewed as a manifestation of a steady and continuous development of scholarly approaches to understanding the essence  of  power  in international  relations  from  overly  simplified  and  reductionist  towards  more sophisticated and methodologically consistent. The author argues that the debate on the faces of power has shifted the focus of power studies away from fundamental theoretical issues towards albeit important but only peripheral questions and consolidated several trends, detrimental to the epistemology of power. The general decrease in scholarly knowledge of power agenda constitutes the first and most fundamental trend. The second trend is a continuous and methodologically untenable process  of  broadening the research field of power to include new forms and types of social interactions. Finally, the third trend is linked to the introduction of normative components in the process of conceptual analysis of the notion of ‘power’, increasing attempts to provide definition of a normatively desirable power. The second section of the paper examines the concept of J.S. Nye as an illustrative example of these trends. The author concludes that a possible way to break this impasse involves resurgence of unduly forgotten ideas of R. Dahl enhanced by a more elaborated methodology for study social and economic determinants of power relations in the international arena.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сила</kwd><kwd>теория международных отношений</kwd><kwd>дискуссия о лицах силы</kwd><kwd>силовое взаимодействие</kwd><kwd>силовой потенциал</kwd><kwd>баланс сил</kwd><kwd>«мягкая сила»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>notion of power</kwd><kwd>international relations theory</kwd><kwd>faces of power debate</kwd><kwd>power relations</kwd><kwd>power potential</kwd><kwd>balance of power</kwd><kwd>‘soft power’</kwd><kwd>R. Dahl</kwd><kwd>S. Lukes</kwd><kwd>J.S. 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