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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2018.16.1.52.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-644</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Параметры глобальных дисбалансов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Global Imbalances: The Problem Still Persists</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холопов</surname><given-names>Анатолий</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholopov</surname><given-names>Anatoly</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холопов Анатолий Васильевич - доктор экономических наук, профессор Кафедры экономической теорииМГИМО МИД России</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Dr Anatoly Kholopov - Professor, Department of Economics, MGIMO University</p><p>Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akholopov@mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>14–28</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Холопов А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Холопов А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kholopov A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/644">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/644</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается современное состояние и макроэкономические последствия проблемы глобальных дисбалансов – наличия значительных дефицитов или профицитов счёта текущих операций у ведущих стран мировой экономики. Глобальные дисбалансы должны рассматриваться как следствие нарушения внутреннего и внешнего макроэкономического равновесия. Их неустойчивость в последние годы свидетельствует о существовании структурных проблем в национальных экономиках и международной финансовой системе: дисбаланса между валовым внутренним располагаемым доходом и совокупными внутренними расходами, разрыва между валовыми внутренними инвестициями и национальными сбережениями, наличия крупных дефицитов государственного бюджета. Крупные дефициты и связанные с ними чистые иностранные финансовые обязательства подвергают страну рискам внезапного прекращения финансирования этих обязательств или растущих трудностей с их финансированием. Крупные профициты создают проблемы для страны из­за увеличения международных резервов, инфляционного давления и роста реального валютного курса. Тенденция увеличения дисбалансов счёта текущих операций у некоторых крупнейших экономик мира вызывала тревогу в течение последних десятилетий. После мирового финансового кризиса дисбалансы потоков сократились. Однако во многих странах это сокращение происходило за счёт уменьшения внутреннего спроса в результате кризиса и увеличения внутренних дисбалансов (снижения объёмов производства и роста безработицы). В настоящее время существует риск, что дисбалансы потоков начнут снова возрастать. В то же время дисбалансы запасов ещё больше увеличились. Дисбалансы в странах зоны евро стали более устойчивыми после введения общей валюты. Сохранению глобальных дисбалансов также способствует ведущее положение американского доллара в мировой валютной системе. Существуют значительные различия в точках зрения на причины глобальных дисбалансов и их макроэкономические последствия. Тем не менее очевидно, что сильные политические и экономические императивы требуют проведения последовательной макроэкономической политики для сокращения существующих внешних дисбалансов и предотвращения возникновения новых.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the current state and macroeconomic effects of global imbalances – the existence of significant current account deficits or surpluses in the leading countries of the world economy. Global imbalances should be considered as a macroeconomic phenomenon, a reflection of macroeconomic disequilibrium both internal and external. Their persistence in recent years suggests that there are structural problems in national economies and in the international financial system: imbalance between gross domestic disposable income and aggregate internal expenditures, imbalance between gross domestic investments and national savings, large fiscal deficits. Large deficits – and associated large net foreign financial liabilities – expose the country to the risks of a sudden cessation or rising difficulties in financing these liabilities. Large surpluses can be problematic for the country because of growing international reserves, inflation pressures and increasing real exchange rate. The widening of current account imbalances in some of the world’s largest economies was a worrying trend during the last few decades. After world financial crisis flow imbalances have narrowed. But in many countries narrower external imbalances have come at the cost of demand compression due to recession and of increased internal imbalances (decrease in output and high unemployment). Now there is the risk that flow imbalances will increase again. At the same time stock imbalances have widened further. Imbalances within the euro area became more persistent with the adoption of the euro. The leading position of the US dollar in the world monetary system also contributes to global imbalances persistence. There are strong differences in views regarding the causes of global imbalances and their macroeconomic effects. But it is clear that there are strong political and economic imperatives that require consistent macroeconomic policy implementation needed to reduce remaining external imbalances and to prevent new emerging imbalances.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глобальные дисбалансы</kwd><kwd>дисбалансы потоков</kwd><kwd>дисбалансы запасов</kwd><kwd>внутреннее равновесие</kwd><kwd>внешнее равновесие</kwd><kwd>платёжный баланс</kwd><kwd>счёт текущих операций</kwd><kwd>внешний долг</kwd><kwd>валютный курс</kwd><kwd>макроэкономическая политика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>global imbalances</kwd><kwd>flow imbalances</kwd><kwd>stock imbalances</kwd><kwd>internal balance</kwd><kwd>external balance</kwd><kwd>balance of payments</kwd><kwd>current account</kwd><kwd>external debt</kwd><kwd>exchange rate</kwd><kwd>macroeconomic policy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Апокин А.Ю. 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