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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2017.15.4.51.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-675</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПИСЬМО В РЕДАКЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LETTER TO THE EDITOR</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Концепция «обязанность защищать»: БРИКС в поисках консенсуса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>BRICS Responses to a Responsibility to Protect Concept: The Search for Consensus?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конышев</surname><given-names>Валерий</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konyshev</surname><given-names>Valery</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Конышев Валерий Николаевич - доктор политических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры теории и истории международных отношений факультета международных отношений Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Dr Valery Konyshev - Professor, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, School of International Relations, Saint-Petersburg State University</p><p>St. Petersburg 191060</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konyshev06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергунин</surname><given-names>Александр</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergunin</surname><given-names>Alexander</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергунин Александр Анатольевич - доктор политических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры теории и истории международных отношений факультета международных отношений Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Dr Alexander Sergunin - Professor, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, School of International Relations, Saint-Petersburg State University</p><p>St. Petersburg 191060</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>202</fpage><lpage>217</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Конышев В., Сергунин А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Конышев В., Сергунин А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konyshev V., Sergunin A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/675">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/675</self-uri><abstract><p>Дискуссии о кризисе миротворчества – важная часть более широкого обсуждения вопросов о путях и способах реформирования ООН. Новый этап в эволюции миротворчества связан с появлением концепции «обязанность защищать», которая получила широкое признание. В то же время она вызывает неоднозначные оценки, поскольку проблема пропорционального и легитимного применения военной силы осталась нерешённой. На практике это привело к политизации концепции и использованию её для прикрытия иных политических целей заинтересованных государств. Несмотря на широкое признание многих недостатков организационного, институционального и концептуального характера, пока не удаётся достигнуть согласия по дальнейшим шагам в сторону реформ. Об этом говорит появление большого количества группировок государств–членов ООН вокруг того или иного проблемного поля. Одним из таких международных форумов может стать объединение БРИКС, члены которого проявляют значительный интерес к проблеме эффективности миротворчества. Для того чтобы понять перспективы сотрудничества России с партнёрами по БРИКС, в статье изучаются особенности позиций России, КНР, Индии, Бразилии и ЮАР по отношению к развиваемой в рамках ООН концепции «обязанность защищать». В статье показано, что государства БРИКС имеют ряд общих позиций, которые включают в себя недопустимость вольного толкования резолюций Совета Безопасности ООН на стадии имплементации, необходимость разработки чётких критериев применения военной силы, актуальность создания механизмов для мониторинга миротворческих операций, более активное вовлечение региональных организаций в миротворчество ООН. В то же время между ними сохраняются и различия в трактовке «обязанности защищать», связанные с особенностями их политической истории и культуры, спецификой региональных интересов и внутриполитическими факторами. Таким образом, внутри БРИКС существует платформа для сотрудничества и координации действий. При этом наиболее активную и последовательную позицию в отношении концепции «обязанность защищать» занимают Россия и Китай.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Discussions about the crisis of peacemaking are an important part of a broader discussion of ways and means of reforming the UN. A new stage in the evolution of peacekeeping is associated with the developing of the concept of "responsibility to protect," which has been widely recognized by world community. At the same time, the concept provokes ambiguous assessments, since the problem of proportional and legitimate use of military force has not been resolved. In practice one can observe the politicization of the concept resulting in the use of the concept as umbrella to hide other political goals of the states concerned. However, despite the general recognition of many organizational, institutional and conceptual shortcomings, it has not yet been possible to agree on further steps towards reform. This is confirmed by the emergence of a large number of groups consisting of UN member states who involved in discussions around the peacekeeping. Such an international forum could be the BRICS, whose members show considerable interest in the problem of the effectiveness of peacekeeping. In order to understand the prospects for Russia's cooperation with BRICS partners, the positions of Russia, China, India, Brazil and South Africa regarding to the concept of "responsibility to protect" developed within the UN framework are being studied. The article shows that the BRICS states share a number of provisions that include to prevent of a voluntary interpretation of the UN Security Council resolutions at the implementation stage, to develop clear criteria for the use of military force, to establish mechanisms for peacekeeping operations monitoring, to involve regional organizations in UN peacekeeping more actively. At the same time, there are differences between the BRICS states when they interpret the "responsibility to protect". This can be explained by specifics features of their political history and culture, particular regional interests and variety of domestic political factors. Thus, within BRICS there is a platform for cooperation and coordination of activities in UN. At the same time, Russia and China demonstrate the most leading and consistent position with regard to the concept of "responsibility to protect".</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ООН</kwd><kwd>обязанность защищать</kwd><kwd>БРИКС</kwd><kwd>международное сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>реформа миротворчества</kwd><kwd>вмешательство во внутренние дела</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>UN</kwd><kwd>responsibility to protect</kwd><kwd>BRICS</kwd><kwd>international cooperation</kwd><kwd>peacekeeping</kwd><kwd>Libyan crisis</kwd><kwd>Syrian conflict</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Основная часть публикации, в которой рассматривается позиция отдельных государств в отношении проблем миротворчества ООН, подготовлена в ходе поддержанного РНФ проекта (№16–18– 10315). Изучение совместной политики стран БРИКС на площадке ООН проводилось в рамках НИР СПбГУ (проект 17.37.226.2016).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The main part of the publication, which examines the position of individual states regarding the problems of UN peacekeeping, was prepared during the project supported by the Russian Science Foundation (No. 16-18– 10315). The study of the joint policy of the BRICS countries at the UN site was conducted within the framework of the St. Petersburg State University Research and Development (project 17.37.226.2016).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гетманчук А., Чуря К., Литра Л. Реформа миротворческой миссии в Приднестровье: предпосылка для урегулирования конфликта. Киев: Institute of World Policy, 2014. 31 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bischoff P. (2003). 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