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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2017.15.2.49.7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-699</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Противоречия реализации принципа «Одна страна – две системы» в Гонконге</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tensions in Application of the ‘One Country, Two Systems’ Principle in Hong Kong</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веремеев</surname><given-names>Николай</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veremeev</surname><given-names>Nikolay</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Веремеев Николай Викторович - юрисконсульт компании «Meridian Capital (HK) Limited»</p><p>Гонконг</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mr Nikolay Veremeev - Legal Counsel, Meridian Capital (HK) Limited</p><p>Hong Kong</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nv_veremeev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Meridian Capital (HK) Limited</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Meridian Capital (HK) Limited</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Веремеев Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Веремеев Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Veremeev N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/699">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/699</self-uri><abstract><p>После возвращения под юрисдикцию Китая в 1997 г. Гонконг стал Специальным административным районом (САР) КНР, получив широкую автономию в централизованном и унитарном государстве. Особенность этой модели состоит в сохранении капиталистической системы и уклада жизни, отличных от социалистической формы общественных отношений Китая. Гонконг воплощает предложенный в 1980-х годах Дэн Сяопином принцип «Одна страна – две системы» (ОСДС). Целью выдвинутой формулы была демонстрация неподконтрольному властям КНР Тайванем, что добровольное воссоединение острова с материковым Китаем не изменит сложившегося на нём уклада жизни. Между тем на практике реализация принципа ОСДС в Гонконге связана с рядом политических трудностей, обусловленных разногласиями между Пекином и его гонконгскими лоялистами, с одной стороны, и местным демократическим движением – с другой. Предметом спора выступают пределы автономии САР и вмешательство центрального правительства в политическую жизнь территории. Он отражает противоречия в понимании соотношения двух компонентов формулы ОСДС. В то же время степень вмешательства центрального руководства в дела автономии определяется внутриполитическими процессами в КНР. Пекин, сомневающийся в лояльности к КНР и КПК местного населения, остерегается проводить кардинальные реформы по демократизации САР, опасаясь, что приход к власти неподконтрольных сил разрушит принцип ОСДС и будет угрожать его суверенитету над Гонконгом. В свою очередь, отсутствие политических реформ вызывает негодование демократической оппозиции автономии, усматривающей в действиях Пекина намерение постепенно ассимилировать САР в социально-культурном, политическом и экономическом смыслах. В противостоянии демократов и центральных властей выявляются пока ещё малочисленные и не имеющие значительной общественной поддержки радикальные молодёжные группы, которые не только поддерживают форсирование демократизации, но и требуют проведения референдума о самоопределении Гонконга. Их становление порождает новые риски сохранения принципа ОСДС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In 1997 Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China and was granted a high degree of autonomy unprecedented for the highly centralized unitary PRC. Hong Kong's autonomy aims to preserve its capitalist system which distinguishes SAR from the other part of the country. The ideological foundation of such autonomy is “one country, two systems” (OCTS) principle enunciated by Deng Xiaoping in the 1980s. Deng intended to use it for the peaceful reunification with Taiwan. However, it was in practice first applied towards the former British possession. The implementation of OCTS in Hong Kong caused a stand-off between Beijing and its local loyalists, on the one hand, and local pan-democrats, on the other, over such issues as the scope of autonomy, interference of the central government in the SAR's political affairs, as well as whether “one country” has precedence over “two systems”. Power struggle within China’s establishment also greatly affects Hong Kong internal matters. Beijing, being doubtful of patriotic sentiment of the population in the autonomy, seeks to avoid rapid democratic reforms which may bring pan-democrats to power. It accuses them of collusion with foreign forces threating China's sovereignty. A slow pace of democratic reforms in Hong Kong outrages local pan-democrats who suspect that the ultimate goal of Beijing is to assimilate Hong Kong culturally, politically and economically. However, the mainstream (moderate) pan-democrats are unable to achieve the goal of free and democratic elections of the Chief Executive and entire Legislative Council. This frustrates certain portion of population some of whom forms radical political groups advocating democratization of SAR through any means, including violence, and demanding referendum on self-determination of Hong Kong and even outright independence of the territory.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>одна страна – две системы</kwd><kwd>Гонконг</kwd><kwd>специальный административный район КНР</kwd><kwd>автономия</kwd><kwd>политическая система</kwd><kwd>процесс демократизации</kwd><kwd>суверенитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>One country</kwd><kwd>two systems</kwd><kwd>Hong Kong</kwd><kwd>Special Administrative Region</kwd><kwd>autonomy</kwd><kwd>political system</kwd><kwd>democratization</kwd><kwd>sovereignty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bush R. (2016) Hong Kong in the Shadow of China: Living with the Leviathan. 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