intertrendsМеждународные процессыInternational Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy1728-27561811-2773AEFIR10.17994/IT.2017.15.1.48.7intertrends-718Research ArticleФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮCATCHING A TRENDМесто России в меняющемся нанотехнологическом ландшафтеRussia’s Place in an Evolving Nanotechnological LandscapeТереховАлександрTerekhovAlexander

Терехов Александр Иванович - кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Центрального экономико-математического института РАН

Москва

Dr Alexander Terekhov - Leading Research Fellow, Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Moscow, 117418

alex.i.terekhov@gmail.comЦентральный экономико-математический институт РАНРоссияCentral Economics and Mathematics Institute of the RASRussian Federation2017050820251517991Copyright © Терехов А., 20252025Терехов А.Terekhov A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/718

Развитие нанотехнологий – первая глобальная научно-технологическая инициатива XXI века, привлекшая значительный исследовательский, экономический и политический интерес. Правительства многих стран, видя в нанотехнологиях источник преобразующих инноваций (воздействие которых может возрасти через конвергенцию с биои инфокогнитивными технологиями), приняли национальные исследовательские программы. Существенное значение, которое нанотехнологии имеют для построения экономики, основанной на знаниях, привлекло к ним внимание представителей общественных дисциплин. Нано-библиометрия, возникшая на Западе в конце 1990-х годов, превратилась в 2000-х годах в быстрорастущую область активной деятельности исследователей, аналитических центров и правительственных организаций, а межстрановые сопоставления стали одной из ее важных тем. В статье представлен сравнительный анализ публикационной активности России и ряда других активных в области нано-исследований стран в период 2000–2014 гг. на основании данных (около 570 тыс. публикаций), полученных из базы данных Science Citation Index Expanded. В числе анализируемых – такие библиометрические индикаторы, как публикационный выход, цитируемость и соавторские связи.

Согласно полученным выводам, несмотря на спад ажиотажа, объем исследований в сфере нанотехнологий продолжает нарастать. В силу неравномерности этот рост сопровождается значительными изменениями мирового нанотехнологического ландшафта, иллюстрацией которого служит сдвиг центра мировых исследований в азиатский регион. Ведущие западные игроки все больше уступают азиатским странам как в объеме, так и научном влиянии производимых исследований. В частности, США утратили свое лидерство под натиском Китая и Сингапура, Южная Корея все активнее наступает на позиции Германии, а поздно стартовавший Иран занял к 2014 г. пятое место по публикационному выходу. Россия на этом фоне не смогла достигнуть поставленной цели вхождения в число мировых нанотехнологических лидеров. Промежуточные итоги российской нанотехнологической политики рассматриваются в статье в контексте завершения «Программы развития наноиндустрии в РФ до 2015 года».

Nanotechnology (NT) is the first global scientific and technological initiative of the 21st century, which attracted considerable research, economic, and political interest. Due to the perception of NT as a source of transformative innovations (the effects of which may be enhanced through convergence with bio, info-, and cognitive technologies), the governments of many countries have adopted national nanotechnology programs. Nano-bibliometrics, that arose in the West in the late 1990s, in the 2000s, became rapidly growing area of intensive research with a special focus on cross-country comparisons.

The article presents a comparative analysis of Russia and some other countries, active in the nano field throughout 2000-2014. Initial data (about 570 thousand nano publications)  were  obtained  from  the Science Citation Index Expanded database. It was analyzed using main bibliometric indicators in order to identify publication output, citation, and co-authorship links.

This research demonstrates that, despite the recession of hyperinterest, Nanotechnological field continues to grow. Due to unevenness of this growth it leads to significant changes in the global nanotechnology landscape, as exemplified by drift of center of the global nano research to the Asian region. Leading Western players more and more concede to Asian countries both in volume, and in scientific impact of the produced nano publications. In these terms, the United States has lost the lead under onslaught from China and Singapore, while South Korea actively attacks the German positions in international ranking. In its turn, latecomer Iran has taken, in 2014, the fifth place by publication output. Russia was not able to reach the set goal to become one of the world nano-leaders. The country's international competitiveness in the field is associated with a limited number of scientific directions, such as graphene research, nanobiomedicine, metamaterials for optics. Current results of the Russian nanotechnology policy are also discussed in connection with the completion of the Program of nanoindustry development in Russian Federation up to 2015.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.