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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2016.14.4.47.7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-738</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Мягкая сила» и «жесткая слабость» в китайско-монгольских отношениях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>‘Soft Power’ and ‘Hard Weakness’ in Chinese-Mongolian Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаян</surname><given-names>Давид</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babayan</surname><given-names>David</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабаян Давид Климович - кандидат исторических наук, доцент Арцахского государственного университета</p><p>Степанакерт</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr David Babayan - Associate Professor, Artsakh State University</p><p>Stepanakert, 375000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvtbabayan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Арцахский государственный университет</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Artsakh State University</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>99–105</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бабаян Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бабаян Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Babayan D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/738">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/738</self-uri><abstract><p>В китайско-монгольской диаде проявляется противоречивый характер взаимоотношений сильной и крупной державы со слабой страной. Стратегии, используемые каждым из этих государств, существенно различающихся по военно-политическому, экономическому, демографическому потенциалу, представляют интерес с точки зрения их вклада в поддержание сбалансированных и добрососедских отношений на фоне высокой неопределенности взаимных обязательств. Основу политики КНР по отношению к Монголии составляет политика «мягкой силы». Улан-Батор же при всей своей слабости полагается на жесткое отстаивание собственных интересов. Суть его стратегии заключается в умелом использовании имеющихся уязвимостей Китая для того, чтобы проведение жесткой силовой политики со стороны более мощного соседа оставалось нецелесообразным. В частности, географическое расположение Монголии между двумя крупными державами, позволяет ей балансировать между ними. Кроме того, Улан-Батор старается выстраивать диалог с представителями монголоязычных и близких им народов, проживающих на территории КНР. Тем самым он повышает внутриполитические издержки потенциального давления на Монголию для Пекина. Их возрастанию также способствует наличие потенциала протестных выступлений этнических и религиозных меньшинств по всему периметру западного фронтира Китая. Наконец, политика Пекина по отношению к Улан-Батору выступает в качестве индикатора для других соседей и партнеров КНР относительно степени ревизионизма ее внешней политики. В случае Китая и Монголии сочетание этих двух стратегий обеспечивает поддержание устойчивого равновесия в отношениях неравновесных игроков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chinese-Mongolian relations reflect controversial nature of interaction between a strong power and its weaker neighbor. Strategies employed by each of the players in these relations, which possess dramatically different amount of military, political, economic and demographic capabilities, are illustrative as they enable maintaining balanced and neighborly relations in the context of unpredictability of mutual intentions. Despite the temptation towards greater assertiveness, China pursues a policy of engagement, based on its soft power rather than coercion. Meanwhile, Ulaanbaatar, despite its weakness on most measures, follows the path of tough defending of its independence. Its strategy is built upon using Chinese vulnerabilities in order to increase the costs of any hardline policy for its much stronger neighbor. The geography of Mongolia, which put it between two great powers (China and Russia) provides it with opportunities to maneuver between them and play them against each other. Moreover, Ulaanbaatar fosters dialogue with ethnical Mongols and other similar nationalities within PRC. It uses this leverage to increase domestic costs of potential pressure on Mongolia by Chinese authorities. They could also be multiplied due to the existing risks of separatist movements in several ethnically or religiously diverse regions of China. Finally, Beijing’s policy towards Mongolia is closely monitored by other Chinese neighbors and partners as a potential reflection of its revisionist tendencies. Therefore, in the case of China and Mongolia a combination of these two strategies enables maintenance of sustainable equilibrium between clearly unequal partners.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Монголия</kwd><kwd>мягкая сила</kwd><kwd>жесткая слабость</kwd><kwd>географическое расположение</kwd><kwd>этно-политическая специфика</kwd><kwd>современные глобальные геополитические тенденции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>Mongolia</kwd><kwd>soft power</kwd><kwd>rough weakness</kwd><kwd>geography</kwd><kwd>ethno-political specifics</kwd><kwd>global geopolitical trends</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабаян Д.К. Политика Китая в Центральной Азии, на Кавказе и в Северном Прикаспии в конце XX - начале XXI вв. 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