<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2016.14.4.47.8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-739</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИКСИРУЕМ ТЕНДЕНЦИЮ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CATCHING A TREND</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Европеизм и атлантизм во внешней политике Италии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Italian Foreign Policy between Atlanticism and Eurocentrism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслова</surname><given-names>Елена</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslova</surname><given-names>Elena</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маслова Елена Александровна - кандидат политических наук, старший преподаватель Кафедры интеграционных процессов МГИМО МИД России</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Elena Maslova - Senior Lecturer, Department of Regional Integration, MGIMO University</p><p>Moscow, 119454; Moscow, 125009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.maslova@inno.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России, Институт Европы РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University, Institute of Europe of the RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>106–115</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маслова Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маслова Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maslova E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/739">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/739</self-uri><abstract><p>В представленной статье рассматривается внешняя политика Италии периода «Второй республики» – с момента прихода к власти Сильвио Берлускони в 1994 г. и до 2011 года, когда С. Берлускони был вынужден уйти в отставку. Политическая система Италии крайне нестабильна, о чем свидетельствуют частые смены правительств. В ноябре 2011 г. правительство возглавил технократ М. Монти, которого впоследствии сменили Э. Летта и М. Ренци – пришедщие к власти без проведения парламентских выборов. Четвертое правительство С. Берлускони (2008–2011 годы) является последним кабинетом Италии, избранным народом страны. Более того, с начала 2000-х годов в политической жизни Италии наметился переход к «Третьей республике», связанный с реформированием электорального закона и попытками изменить Конституцию. Этими обстоятельствами опосредованы временные рамки исследования – с 1994-го по 2011 г. – когда в стране произошло разблокирование демократии и у власти сменялись поочередно левоцентристские и правоцентристские правительства.В статье рассматриваются два основных вектора внешнеполитической стратегии Итальянской Республики: атлантическая солидарность и европеизм как приверженность процессу европейской интеграции. Сосуществование этих двух направлений в итальянском внешнеполитическом мышлении порождает вопрос – являются ли они взаимоисключающими или дополняющими друг друга. Окончание «холодной войны» совпало для Италии с серьезными внутриполитическими изменениями и перераспределением сил. Произошедшие изменения – как внутри страны, так и в мире - побудили трансформацию дискурса по внешнеполитической стратегии государства. Кроме того,они спровоцировали рост амбиций Итальянской Республики на международной арене. Наиболее ярко изменения в формировании внешнеполитической линии Италии прослеживаются на примере сопоставления правительств С. Берлускони и Р. Проди. Если первый в большей степени ориентировался на США, то второй оставался в ряду политиков, выступавших за укрепление интеграции внутри ЕС. Подобные различия проявлялись не только в риторике, но и в практических решениях соответствующих лидеров. Вместе с тем приверженность одному из приоритетов не становилась всеподавляющей и исключающей иные направления деятельности. В результате внешней политике Италии оказалась присуща двойственность, которая воплотилась в том числе в попытке превратить страну в связующее звено между разными регионами мира.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the article the author discusses two main vectors of the Italian foreign policy which are: Аtlantism (as support of the US policy and so-called “atlantic solidarity”) and europeism – as an expression of loyalty of the political line of Brussels in the framework of the EU. The question raised in the article is: are these two directions mutually exclusive or complementary? The article analyzes the period of the Second Republic in Italy, the beginning of which coincided with the end of the Cold War and is connected with the political changes at the national level. These important events demonstrated the barest necessity to enhance the discourse on foreign policy strategy of the state. What is more, they established the need for the acquisition of a more significant position for Italy in the world (the role of “protagonist”). One can see these changing trends (evolution of Italian foreign policy) more clearly during the period of confrontation between governments of Silvio Berlusconi and Romano Prodi. S. Berlusconi traditionally orientated his policy towards the United States, and R. Prodi, on the contrary, was always among the politicians who were looking for the strengthening of integration within the EU. It was confirmed by foreign policy decisions adopted by Italian leaders during important international initiatives (e.g. operations in the Balkans, Iraq, the signing of the European Constitution, etc.). Nevertheless, it is impossible to say with certainty that the commitment to the particular political orientation excludes the other one. Thus, Italian foreign policy gained a kind of inherent ambiguity in the determination of the country's strategy. This was embodied in the tactics of “building bridges”. In that way Italy received the role of a “bridge” between different regions around the world.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Италия</kwd><kwd>атлантизм</kwd><kwd>европеизм</kwd><kwd>Берлускони</kwd><kwd>Проди</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Italy</kwd><kwd>europeism</kwd><kwd>atlantism</kwd><kwd>Berlusconi</kwd><kwd>Prodi</kwd><kwd>bipartisan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барабанов О.Н. Италия после холодной войны: от средней державы к миру протагонистов. М.: МГИМО МИД России, 2002. 160 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreatta F. (2001). Italy at a crossroads: the foreign policy of a medium power after the end of bipolarity. Daedalus. Vol. 130, №2. P. 45 – 65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зонова Т.В. История внешней политики Италии. М.: Международные отношения, 2016. 352 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreatta F. (2008). Italian Foreign Policy: Domestic Politics, International Requirements and the European Dimension. Journal of European Integration. Vol. 30, №1. P. 169 – 181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маслова Е.А. Внешняя политика Маттео Ренци: преемственность или новый курс? / Итальянская республика в меняющемся мире. Доклады Института Европы РАН, №306. Под ред. А.А. Язьковой, науч. ред. Е.А. Маслова. М.: Институт Европы, 2014. С. 44-48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barabanov O. (2002). Italia posle kholodnoi vojni: ot srednei derzhavi k miru protagonistov [Italy after the Cold War: from the middle power to the world of protagonists]. M.: MGIMO-Universitet, 160 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маслова Е.А. Современная политика Италии в урегулировании конфликта на Ближнем Востоке // Вестник МГИМО. – 2011. – №6. С. 241-247.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bruno R. (2001). Bossi in piazza: no all' Europa-Forcolandia. Corriere della Sera. 10 dicembre.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreatta F. Italy at a crossroads: the foreign policy of a medium power after the end of bipolarity // Daedalus. – 2001. – Vol. 130, №2. P. 45 – 65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chugrov, S.  (2015). American World Order: The End of the 'End of History'. Japanese Journal of Political Science. No16(3). P. 442-449. DOI: 10.1017/S1468109915000110</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreatta F. Italian Foreign Policy: Domestic Politics, International Requirements and the European Dimension // Journal of European Integration. – 2008. – Vol. 30, №1. P. 169 – 181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Croci O. (2008). Not a Zero-Sum Game: Atlanticism and Europeanism in Italian Foreign Policy. The International Spectator: Italian Journal of International Affairs. Vol. 43, №4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruno R. Bossi in piazza: no all' Europa-Forcolandia // Corriere della Sera. 10 dicembre 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diamanti I. (2007). The Italian centre-right and centre-left: Between parties and “the party”. West European Politics. Vol. 30, №4. P. 733 – 762.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chugrov S. American World Order: The End of the 'End of History'. // Japanese Journal of Political Science. 2015. No16(3). P. 442-449. DOI: 10.1017/S1468109915000110</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fassino P. (1998). Come contare di più. LiMes. №1. P. 31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Croci O. Not a Zero-Sum Game: Atlanticism and Europeanism in Italian Foreign Policy // The International Spectator: Italian Journal of International Affairs. – 2008. – Vol. 43, №4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frattini F. (2004). Italia ed Europa ora conteranno di più. La Stampa. 4 novembre.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diamanti I. The Italian centre-right and centre-left: Between parties and “the party” // West European Politics. – 2007. – Vol. 30, №4. P. 733 – 762.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frattini F., Panella C. (2004). Cambiamo rotta. La nuova politica estera dell'Italia. Milano.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fassino P. Come contare di più // LiMes. – 1998. – №1. P. 31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ignazi P. (2004). Al di l  dell'Atlantico, al di qua dell'Europa. Dove va la politica estera italiana. Il Mulino. Vol. 704, №6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frattini F., Panella C. Cambiamo rotta. La nuova politica estera dell'Italia. Milano, 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lebedeva M. (2014). Resources of influence in world politics. Social Sciences. No 45(3). P.55-</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frattini: Italia ed Europa ora conteranno di più // La Stampa. 4 novembre 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maslova E. (2011). Sovremennaya politica Italii v uregulirovanii konflikta na Blizhnem Vostoke [Modern Italian policy in resolving the conflict in the Middle East]. Vestnik MGIMO. - № 6. - PP. 241-247.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ignazi P. Al di l dell'Atlantico, al di qua dell'Europa. Dove va la politica estera italiana // Il Mulino. – 2004. – Vol. 704, №6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maslova E. (2014). Vneshnyaya politika Matteo Renci: preemstvennost' ili novyj kurs? [Matteo Renzi’s Foreign Policy: Continuity or Change?]. In Ital'yanskaya Respublika v menyayushchemsya mire. Doklady Instituta Evropy RAN, №306. Ed. by Yazkova A., sc.ed. Maslova E. M.: Institut Evropy. p. 44-48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lebedeva M. Resources of influence in world politics. // Social Sciences. 2014.No 45(3). P.55-</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nuti L. (2003). The role of the US in Italy’s Foreign policy. The International Spectator. Vol. 38, No.1. P. 95–97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nuti L. The role of the US in Italy’s Foreign policy // The International Spectator. – 2003. – Vol. 38, №1. P. 95 – 97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quaglia L., Radaelli C. (2007). Italian politics and the European Union: a tale of two research designs. West European politics. Vol. 30, №4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quaglia L., Radaelli C. Italian politics and the European Union: a tale of two research designs // West European politics. – 2007. – Vol. 30, №4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Romano S. (2006). Berlusconi: il rovesciamento delle priorit  tradizionali. Affari Internazionali. 7 giugno. – URL: http://www.affarinternazionali.it/articolo.asp?ID=143</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Romano S. Berlusconi: il rovesciamento delle priorit tradizionali [Электронный ресурс] // Affari</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Romano S. (2009). Italian foreign policy after the end of the Cold War. Journal of Modern Italian Studies. Vol. 14, №1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Internazionali. 7 giugno 2006. – Режим доступа: http://www.affarinternazionali.it/articolo.asp?ID=143 Romano S. Italian foreign policy after the end of the Cold War // Journal of Modern Italian Studies. – 2009. – Vol. 14, №1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santoro C.M. (1991). La politica estera di una media potenza. L’Italia dall’Unit  ad oggi. Bologna.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santoro C.M. La politica estera di una media potenza. L’Italia dall’Unit ad oggi. Bologna, 1991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varsori A. (1990). De Gasperi, Nenni, Sforza e il loro ruolo nella politica estera italiana del secondo dopoguerra. In L’Italia e la politica di potenza in Europa (1945–50). A cura di Di Nolfo E., Rainero R.H., Vigezzi B. Milano. P. 59 – 91.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Varsori A. De Gasperi, Nenni, Sforza e il loro ruolo nella politica estera italiana del secondo dopoguerra // L’Italia e la politica di Potenza in Europa (1945–50). A cura di Di Nolfo E., Rainero R.H., Vigezzi B. Milano, 1990. P. 59 – 91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walston J. (2007). Italian Foreign Policy in the ‘Second Republic’. Changes of Form and Substance. Modern Italy. Vol. 12, №1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walston J. Italian Foreign Policy in the ‘Second Republic’. Changes of Form and Substance // Modern Italy. – 2007. – Vol. 12, №1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zonova T. (2016). Istoria vneshnei politiki Italii [History of Italian foreign policy]. M.: Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya, 352 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
