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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2015.13.4.43.3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-805</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Публичная дипломатия в урегулировании конфликтов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Diplomacy in Conflict Resolution</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Марина</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>Marina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедева Марина Михайловна – доктор политических наук, профессор, заведующая Кафедрой мировых политических процессов МГИМО МИД России</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Dr Marina Lebedeva – Chair, Department of World Politics, MGIMO University</p><p>Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmlebedeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедева М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/805">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/805</self-uri><abstract><p>Современный мир претерпевает трансформацию, обусловленную масштабной трансграничной активностью. Коммуникационные и информационные технологии делают взаимодействие доступным в финансовом и временном отношении для самого широкого круга людей, а распространение в XXI в. популярных социальных сетей обеспечивает быстрый мобилизационный эффект. Дипломатическая деятельность в этих условиях становится гораздо сложнее и многообразнее; все строже очерчиваются два основных уровня воздействия на зарубежную аудиторию. Первый связан с влиянием на официальные структуры (дипломатов и политиков), в то время как второй (публичная дипломатия) – на общественные организации, бизнес, население стран. Проведенный анализ показывает, что оба уровня воздействия должны быть скоординированы, но при этом «разведены», поскольку при их объединении дипломатия оказывается неэффективной, лишенной действенных каналов влияния. Кроме того, в XXI в. публичная дипломатия приобретает такие черты, как ориентация на диалог с общественными структурами зарубежных стран, широкое привлечение негосударственных акторов. Все это относится и к ситуации политического конфликта. Вместе с тем в конфликтной обстановке публичная дипломатия приобретает специфические черты. С особой остротой встает проблема координации сторон, вовлеченных в качестве посредников. В ее отсутствие существующий конфликт может усугубиться. Возможно и появление новых осей противоречий. В статье анализируются возможности и ограничения, связанные с привлечением негосударственных участников к урегулированию конфликта через механизмы публичной дипломатии. Особое внимание обращается на инструменты, которые используются для достижения краткосрочных и долгосрочных целей субъектов противоборства. В условиях конфликта публичная дипломатия прежде всего ориентирована на конъюнктурные задачи, которые могут быть связаны с прекращением вооруженного противостояния, а могут – с поддержкой одной из сторон. Для достижения краткосрочных целях активно используются СМИ. Образовательные и культурные программы обычно применяются для обеспечения долгосрочных целей. Однако в условиях конфликта они могут иметь и краткосрочную значимость, формируя демонстрационный эффект, связанный с помощью со стороны государства, которое их реализует. Российская публичная дипломатия, которой в последние годы стало уделяться повышенное внимание, пока не в полной мере ориентирована на работу в конфликтных ситуациях, ограничиваясь в основном стремлением влиять на зарубежные общества посредством СМИ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The world is undergoing significant transformation caused by large-scale cross-border activity. Modern communication and information technologies make interaction accessible to more people, while popular social networks provide a quick mobilization effect. In these conditions, diplomacy becomes much more complex and varied. It has two distinct vectors of influence on a foreign audience. The first vector is directed to the official structures (diplomats, politicians, etc.), while the second one (public diplomacy) – to non-governmental structures, business, people. The analysis shows that both vectors should be coordinated, but separated. Otherwise, diplomacy can be inefficient and block certain channels of influence. In addition, in the XXI public diplomacy acquires traits such as orientation to dialogue with public entities of foreign countries, extensive involvement of non-state actors. All these apply to situations of conflict. However, in a conflict situation public diplomacy has its own specifics. Thus, a coordination of parties involved in the conflict as mediators is especially important. Otherwise, the conflict can be amplified, or it may generate new conflicts. The article analyzes the opportunities and constraints of non-state actors in conflict management within the framework of public diplomacy. Particular attention is drawn to the tools that are used to achieve short-term and long-term objectives in a conflict. It is shown that in a conflict situation public diplomacy primarily focused on short-term goals that can be directed at ending the armed confrontation, but can – on the support of one of the parties in the conflict. To implement short-term goals media are intensively used. Educational and cultural programs are typically used for long-term goals. However, in situations of a conflict they may have a short-term goal as a demonstration effect, which symbolize the help of the state providing such programs. Russian public diplomacy, which in recent years has been given considerable attention, is not fully focused on a conflict situations, limited mainly by media activities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дипломатия</kwd><kwd>публичная дипломатия</kwd><kwd>урегулирование конфликтов</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие государств и негосударственных акторов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>evolution of diplomacy</kwd><kwd>public diplomacy</kwd><kwd>conflicts</kwd><kwd>conflict management</kwd><kwd>interaction of state and nonstate actors</kwd><kwd>soft power</kwd><kwd>international media</kwd><kwd>educational and cultural programmes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по гранту РГНФ № 15-37 -11128.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article has been supported by the grant from the Russian Foundation for Humanities No 15-37 -11128.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Долинский А.В. 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