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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17994/IT.2015.13.4.43.5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-807</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Невозможная триада» энергобезопасности Европейского Союза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The «Impossible Triad» of the EU Energy Security</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кавешников</surname><given-names>Николай</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaveshnikov</surname><given-names>Nikolai</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кавешников Николай Юрьевич – кандидат политических наук, доцент, заведующий Кафедрой интеграционных процессов МГИМО МИД России, ведущий научный сотрудник Института Европы РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Nikolai Kaveshnikov – Leading Research Fellow, Institute of European Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences</p><p>Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikandrrr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России,  Институт Европы РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кавешников Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кавешников Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kaveshnikov N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/807">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/807</self-uri><abstract><p>Концепция энергетической безопасности Европейского Cоюза ориентирована на достижение трех целей: безопасной, доступной и устойчивой энергии. В статье утверждается, что такое понимание энергетической безопасности является внутренне противоречивым, поскольку реализовать все три приоритета одновременно невозможно. Этот вывод подтверждается анализом коллизий, возникающих при осуществлении большинства направлений энергетической политики ЕС, а также углубленным исследованием отдельных казусов. В частности, обеспечение безопасности поставок практически всегда требует дополнительных затрат, тем самым порождая конфликт с целью минимизировать расходы. Дополнительные расходы могут быть продиктованы более высокой стоимостью энергоресурсов из безопасного источника в сравнении с «опасным», инвестициями в инфраструктуру, политическими издержками и даже затратами на обеспечение «жесткой» безопасности источников поставок. Результатом попыток обеспечить дополнительную надежность поставок является избыточная (в рамках рыночной логики) инфраструктура и нерациональная (с экономической точки зрения) структура энергопотребления, повышающая стоимость конечной энергии для потребителя. Энергетическая политика ЕС, декларируя все три цели одновременно, на практике акцентирует то один, то другой элемент «триады», реагируя на актуальные вызовы и адаптируясь к меняющемуся соотношению сил внутри объединения. В статье прослежена эволюция приоритетов и показаны причины этих изменений. Они определяются как внешними причинами, так и динамикой интересов государств-членов ЕС. Колебания между целями энергетической триады, а также необходимость вербально позиционировать все три цели как приоритетные, снижают эффективность и последовательность энергетической политики ЕС. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The concept of energy security of the European Union includes three elements: to provide a secure, affordable and sustainable energy. The article argues that this understanding of energy security is self contradictory, since three above mentioned objectives could not be reached simultaneously. The analysis of the contradictions between particular areas of EU energy policy, as well as some case studies of interfuel competition confirm this conclusion. For example, security supply usually requires additional expenses, thereby generating a conflict with the objective of minimizing the cost of energy. Additional costs may be associated with a higher cost of energy from a secure source in comparison with the "unsecure" one, the investment in infrastructure, political costs or even the costs of providing hard security in the region of supply. Providing additional security of supply may result in infrastructure excessive under the market logic, and structure of energy mix irrational from an economic point of view. This inevitably would increase energy price for the end consumer. Therefore, EU energy policy, politically declaring all three objectives simultaneously, in practice emphasizes one or another objective of the triad, reacting to current challenges and adapting to the changing balance of influence within the EU. The article traces the history of changing priorities of EU energy policy and their causes. Dynamic of EU energy policy priorities is determined by external factors and the changing balance of interests of the EU Member-States. Shifts from one objective to another became more frequent in the last decade in comparison with 1980s-1990s, as the differences in the energy interests within the Union have increased in line with the number of the EU countries The fluctuations between the objectives of the energy triad and the need to follow, at least verbally, all three priorities reduce efficiency and coherence of EU energy policy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энергетическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>Европейский Союз</kwd><kwd>энергетическая политика</kwd><kwd>безопасность поставок</kwd><kwd>доступная энергия</kwd><kwd>устойчивая энергия/энергетика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Energy security</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>energy policy</kwd><kwd>security of supply</kwd><kwd>affordable energy</kwd><kwd>sustainable energy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Буторина О.В., Борко Ю.А., Иванов И.Д. и др. 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