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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/IT.2025.23.1.80.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-912</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль стратегической культуры в формировании политики малых государств в области безопасности (на примере Финляндии в 1990–2020-х годах)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Strategic Culture in Shaping the Security Policy of Small States (the Case of Finland in the 1990s–2020s)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Липунов</surname><given-names>Никита</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lipunov</surname><given-names>Nikita</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Липунов Никита Сергеевич – младший научный сотрудник Института международных исследований</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mr Nikita Lipunov – Junior Research Fellow, Institute for International Studies</p><p>Moscow, 119454</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Липунов Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Липунов Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lipunov N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/912">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/912</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается роль стратегической культуры в формировании политики малых государств в области безопасности на примере Финляндии. Логика и движущие силы финской внешней и оборонной политики на протяжении более трёх десятилетий после окончания «холодной войны» оставались неизменными. В их основе лежит концепция республиканского реализма, в рамках которой Финляндия стремится не допустить доминирования какой-либо державы в системе безопасности в Скандинавско-Балтийском регионе и в Европе в целом. Наблюдаемые метаморфозы – от нейтралитета до членства в военном альянсе – представляют собой процесс адаптации к меняющейся ситуации в области глобальной и региональной безопасности и отражают восприятие угроз руководством страны. Эволюцию политики Финляндии определяло соотношение между двумя стратегическими субкультурами – «отношения с Россией» и «интеграция в сообщество западных государств». Можно условно выделить этапы «европеизации» (1990-е – конец 2010-х годов) и «евроатлантизации» (конец 2010-х – 2020-е годы). В евроатлантический период между двумя стратегическими субкультурами прослеживается корреляция: чем больше Финляндия воспринимала политику России как потенциальную угрозу, тем больше она тяготела к крупным западным державам и их институтам. Переход от европеизации к евроатлантизации был вызван разочарованием Финляндии в способности ЕС выступать гарантом её безопасности на фоне общей деградации системы европейской безопасности. На протяжении всего рассматриваемого периода страна делала упор на мощную систему национальной обороны. Случай Финляндии показывает определяющее значение стратегической культуры в формировании политики малых государств в области безопасности, несмотря на их ограниченные ресурсы и пространство для манёвра. Концепт стратегической культуры представляет собой продуктивную эпистемологическую альтернативу неореалистскому подходу при анализе поведенческих моделей малых государств за счет раскрытия институционально-идентитарных оснований их примыкания к крупным государствам и альянсам с целью обеспечения собственной безопасности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the role of strategic culture in shaping security policies of small states, using Finland as a case study. The logic and driving forces behind Finnish foreign and defence policy have remained constant for more than three decades since the end of the Cold War. They are based on the concept of republican realism, within which Finland seeks the state of non-domination of any single power in the security system in the Scandinavian-Baltic region and in Europe as a whole. The observed metamorphosis – from neutrality to membership in a military alliance – represents a process of adaptation to the changing global and regional security situation and reflects the country's leadership's threat perception. The evolution of Finland's policy has been determined by the relationship between two strategic subcultures: ‘relations with Russia’ and ‘integration into the community of Western states’. We can roughly divide this into two stages: ‘Europeanisation’ (1990s – late 2010s) and ‘Euro-Atlantisation’ (late 2010s – 2020s). During the Euro-Atlantic period, a correlation can be observed between the two strategic subcultures: the more Finland perceived Russia's policy as a potential threat, the more it gravitated towards the major Western powers and their institutions, not only in political terms but also in matters of security. The transition from Europeanisation to Euro-Atlanticism was caused by Finland's disappointment in the EU's ability to guarantee its security against the backdrop of the general deterioration of the European security system. Throughout the period under review, the country maintained strong national defence. The case of Finland demonstrates the decisive importance of strategic culture in shaping security policies of small states, despite their limited resources and room for manoeuvre. The concept of strategic culture represents a productive epistemological alternative to the neorealist approach in analysing the behavioural patterns of small states.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>малые государства</kwd><kwd>стратегическая культура</kwd><kwd>политика в области безопасности</kwd><kwd>оборонная политика</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика</kwd><kwd>Финляндия</kwd><kwd>нейтралитет</kwd><kwd>военное неприсоединение</kwd><kwd>ЕС</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small states</kwd><kwd>strategic culture</kwd><kwd>security policy</kwd><kwd>defence policy</kwd><kwd>foreign policy</kwd><kwd>Finland</kwd><kwd>neutrality</kwd><kwd>military non-alignment</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при финансовой поддержке РНФ в рамках проекта №20-78-10159 «Феномен стратегической культуры в мировой политике: специфика влияния на политику безопасности (на примере Скандинавско-Балтийского региона)».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was conducted with financial support from the Russian Science Foundation as part of project No. 20-78-10159, ‘The Phenomenon of Strategic Culture in World Politics: Specifics of Its Influence on Security Policy (The Case of the Scandinavian-Baltic Region)’.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеева Т.А. 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