intertrendsМеждународные процессыInternational Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy1728-27561811-2773AEFIR10.46272/IT.2025.23.2.81.1intertrends-930Research ArticleРЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯREALITY AND THEORYОспаривание нормы: политика Администрации Дж. Картера в отношении Гренадской революции в фокусе реалистского конструктивизмаChallenging the Norm: the Carter Administration’s Policy on the Grenada Revolution in the Focus of Realist ConstructivismГлазуноваЕленаGlazunovaElena N.

Глазунова Елена Николаевна – кандидат исторических наук, доцент Кафедры региональных проблем мировой политики Факультета мировой политики МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова

Москва

Dr Elena N. Glazunova – Associate Professor, Department of Regional Problems of World Politics, Faculty of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University

Moscow

elenanglazunova@mail.ruМГУ имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation2025271120252324770Copyright © Глазунова Е.N., 20252025Глазунова Е.Glazunova E.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/930

В статье на примере курса, избранного администрацией Дж. Картера в отношении Гренадской революции, рассматриваются попытки реформирования основ внешней политики США. Для исследования данной проблематики автор обращается к реалистскому конструктивизму, предпо­ лагающему, что в основе определения национальных интересов и формирования внешнеполити­ ческой стратегии государства, наряду с укреплением мощи и влияния, лежит его стремление сохранить свою идентичность и следовать определенным ценностным установкам. Посредством легитимации прав человека в качестве основы внешней политики и их трансформации в принцип уважения национального суверенитета латиноамериканских стран Картер пытался бросить вызов доктрине Монро и утвердившейся во время «холодной войны» практике вмешательства во вну­ тренние дела латиноамериканских стран. Анализируя императивы принятия решений правитель­ ством США в отношении Гренады, автор приходит к выводу, что вопреки мнению о выборе Соединёнными Штатами пути конфронтации с революционным правительством Гренады, его дискредитации и подрыва экономической стабильности, во время президентства Картера Вашингтон стремился наладить диалог с новой властью этого островного государства. Пример Гренады, которая вследствие произошедшей в стране внутриполитической трансформации ока­ залась участником типичного для «холодной войны» интернационализированного конфликта, позволяет проследить логику, противоречия и проблемы реализации обещанной Картером «моральной внешней политики». В результате общей динамики международных отношений и расклада внутриполитических сил в обеих странах эта стратегия не увенчалась успехом и имела последствия, во многом противоположные тем, во имя которых инициировались реформы.

Using the course chosen by the Carter administration in relation to the Grenada Revolution as an example, this article examines attempts to reform the foundations of US foreign policy. To explore this issue, the author draws on realist constructivism, which suggests that the definition of national interests and the formation of a state's foreign policy strategy, along with strengthening its power and influence, are underpinned by its desire to preserve its identity and adhere to certain value systems. By legitimizing human rights and transforming them into a principle of respect for national sovereignty, Carter sought to challenge the Monroe Doctrine and the established Cold War practice of interference in the internal affairs of Latin American countries. Examining the imperatives of the US government's decision­-making regarding Grenada, the author concludes that, contrary to the widespread opinion in domestic and foreign historiography that the United States chose a path of confrontation with the revolutionary government of Grenada, discrediting it, and undermining the country's economic stability, during Carter's presidency Washington sought to establish a dialogue with the new government of this island state. The case of Grenada, like other Central America and Caribbean nations undergoing domestic political transformation, became embroiled in the internationalized conflicts characteristic of the Cold War. This context provides a critical lens for tracing the logic, contradictions and challenges inherent in Carter’s “moral” foreign policy. This paper illustrates how international dynamics and the balance of domestic political forces in both countries ultimately undermined this strategy, yielding consequences that often contradicted the reforms’ original objectives. Beyond its historical significance, this case offers valuable insights for scholars of International Relations theory. As an empirical study, it underscores the relevance and efficacy of recently proposed theoretical approaches, making it a compelling subject for both historians and IR theorists.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.