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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">intertrends</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международные процессы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1728-2756</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1811-2773</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AEFIR</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/IT.2025.23.2.81.6</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">intertrends-940</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ И ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REALITY AND THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Национальная система оказания международной помощи как объект анализа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National System of International Aid Provision: an Analytical Framework</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бартенев</surname><given-names>Владимир</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bartenev</surname><given-names>Vladimir I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бартенев Владимир Игоревич – кандидат исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Института перспективных стратегических исследований НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Vladimir I. Bartenev – Lead Research Fellow, Institute for Advanced Strategic Studies, HSE University</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vl_bartenev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">HSE University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бартенев В.I., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бартенев В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bartenev V.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/940">https://www.intertrends.ru/jour/article/view/940</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья обобщает результаты разработки концептуальных основ анализа национальных (страновых) систем оказания международной помощи. Предложено оригинальное определение такой системы, которое стремится учесть многоаспектность феномена международной помощи, множественность субъектов, вовлечённых в её оказание в XXI веке, и их ролевых функций. Новизну дефиниции и авторского подхода в целом обеспечивает приоритизация такого параметра, как специализация на вопросах оказания помощи. Разделение всех элементов на специализированные и неспециализированные позволяет сконфигурировать абстрактную модель системы оказания международной помощи в виде совокупности, состоящей из двух тесно взаимосвязанных подсистем: 1) органов государственного и муниципального управления, а также учреждённых и/или контролируемых ими юридических лиц; 2) частных организаций и лиц. В каждой подсистеме выделяются «ядро», состоящее из внутренней и внешней областей, и «периферия». Данные зоны различаются и по специализации составных элементов, и по «температуре» – интенсивности протекающих в них процессов взаимодействия. Центральной и самой «горячей» областью является «внутреннее ядро», где находится «перемычка» из гибридных структур, принадлежащих к двум подсистемам одновременно. В статье произведена дифференциация неспециализированных и специализированных элементов, приведены множественные примеры из практики функционирования систем в зарубежных государствах и в Российской Федерации. Дополнительно обозначены три вида потоков, наиболее значимых для работы системного механизма: финансовые ресурсы, кадры и сигналы (импульсы). Раскрыты некоторые особенности циркуляции данных потоков в пределах системы, а также между системой и внешней средой. Произведено обобщение гипотетически возможных и выявляемых эмпирически форм взаимодействия элементов разных типов. Совокупность полученных научных результатов должна помочь в разработке новой методологии казусно-ориентированных и кросс-страновых исследований систем оказания международной помощи и изучению особенностей их облика, механизма функционирования и адаптации к внутренним и внешним шокам различной природы и масштаба.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article develops a conceptual framework for analyzing national systems of international aid provision. It proposes an original definition of such systems that accounts for the multidimensional nature of this phenomenon and the plurality of actors and roles in the twenty-first century. The novelty of the approach lies in prioritizing specialization in aid-related activities. Dividing all elements into specialized and unspecialized allows for an abstract model of the aid system as a totality of two closely interconnected subsystems: (1) bodies of state and municipal governance and legal entities established and/or controlled by them; (2) private entities and individuals. Within each subsystem, a core – comprising inner and outer zones – and a periphery are distinguished. These zones differ in the degree of specialization of their elements and in their “temperature”, that is, the intensity of interaction. The central and “hottest” area is the inner core, which includes a bridge of hybrid structures belonging simultaneously to both subsystems. The article differentiates between unspecialized and specialized elements, drawing on examples from foreign states and the Russian Federation, and identifies three key flows for system functioning: financial rresources, personnel, and signals (impulses). It analyzes the circulation of these flows within the system and between the system and its external environment and systematizes empirically observable forms of interaction between different types of elements. The findings contribute to the development of a methodology for case-oriented and cross-country studies of international aid systems, including their specific features, functioning, and adaptation to shocks of different origins and scales.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международная помощь</kwd><kwd>содействие международному развитию</kwd><kwd>система</kwd><kwd>модель</kwd><kwd>страны-доноры</kwd><kwd>государственные институты</kwd><kwd>субгосударственные структуры</kwd><kwd>муниципальные органы</kwd><kwd>частные организации.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>foreign aid</kwd><kwd>international development cooperation</kwd><kwd>system</kwd><kwd>model</kwd><kwd>donor countries</kwd><kwd>state institutions</kwd><kwd>sub-state structures</kwd><kwd>municipalities</kwd><kwd>private organizations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бартенев В.И. 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