Global Trends and National Specifics of the Development of a Digital Economy: Record of the United States, India, China and the EU

Digitization of all social life processes has become a real phenomenon at the present stage of the human civilization development. Two basic conditions, i.e. transition to a new technological mode and modification of globalization trends (political, economic, technological) sets before all the countries of the world the objective to adequately respond to these new realities. There are two major schools of thought regarding the digitization role and place in the world industrial production within the innovation development concepts. One of them interprets the current stage of implementation of information and technological achievements as evolutionary, the other one as revolutionary. The second approach is predominant, within the framework of which the concept of the fourth industrial revolution was formed due to the rapid and complex nature of the ongoing economic and related social transformations. The digital economy is considered as the basis of the fourth industrial revolution, because the switch of the core technology is clearly seen under its influence and there are signs of a shift in the technical and economic paradigm. Digital technologies have become a reality of all forms of international relations. The concept of digital diplomacy has been developed, meaning the use of these new technologies to solve foreign policy problems. The digital economy development is the result of information and communication technologies (ICT) adoption in all spheres of economic life. Such areas as the Internet of Things, Industrial Internet, big data, cloud computing, e-commerce promote the use of new technologies and forms of business organization, increase the competitiveness of products, enhance public administration, raise the living standards of the population. The widespread ICT adoption is today one of the most important conditions for development of national economies of all countries. Simultaneously with positive effects of the digital economy, new challenges emerged, and the reaction to them is to be developed at the nation-wide level. The study of international experience is of great importance for the digital economy development in Russia and implementation of the EAEU digital agenda. The study is conducted of the basis of U.S. (Digital Economy Agenda) and Indian (Digital India) programs, Chinese action plan Internet Plus and the Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe.

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